The Expression of miRNAs in Human Ovaries, Oocytes, Extracellular Vesicles, and Early Embryos: A Systematic Review

Abstract

The recent discovery of microRNAs (miRNAs) in human reproductive tissues and cells indicates a possible functional role in reproductive function. However, the studies published to date in female reproductive tissues/cells and embryos are inconclusive and sometimes controversial. In order to update the knowledge of this field, the present study aimed to discuss, through a systematic review, the role of miRNAs in female human reproduction and early embryogenesis. We conducted a systematic review of the published literature in MEDLINE and EMBASE databases through June 2018 (plus a complementary search until July 2019), in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. We have included descriptive and observational studies, in which fertile/infertile women were well-defined. The primary outcome was the miRNA expression in ovaries, oocytes, extracellular vesicles, and embryos. We identified 25,204 articles, of which 28 were selected for qualitative analysis: 18 in ovaries and extracellular vesicles, three in oocytes, and seven in embryos. The present systematic review of descriptive and observational studies demonstrates that aberrant miRNA expression in female reproductive tissues/cells and embryos is related with infertility and embryogenesis errors. The expression of specific miRNAs, particularly in extracellular vesicles, may be used in the future as biomarkers of infertility and prognostic tools of embryo development.

Melatonin Dependent Modulation in microRNAs Relative Expression Pattern and Levels of cfDNA in Mature Oocytes of Unexplained Infertile Patients.

“…Further, they reported that knockdown of miR-320a expression in mouse metaphase-II oocytes resulting in embryos arrested at rst cleavage. While very few can develop into top-quality embryos, indicating that the miR-320a has a potential role in modulating gene expression and regulating embryonic development [37].…”

What impact does oocyte vitrification have on epigenetics and gene expression?

“…The presence of miRNAs has been confirmed throughout the growth and maturation of mammalian oocytes [100], and they have a critical role in the physiology and developmental competence of mammalian oocytes and embryos. Furthermore, a recent review provided evidence that aberrant miRNA expression in female reproductive cells and embryos is associated with infertility and embryogenesis defects [101].…”

La herencia de la pandemia por COVID-19

“…También se han encontrado cambios en el grado de metilación de las histonas H3 y H4 asociado con restricción calórica y trastornos de aprendizaje [1][2][3] ; y en el contenido de miARN en oocitos y espermatozoides. Estos miRNA regulan la modificaciones post-traduccionales de las histonas y afectan el neurodesarrollo fetal 5,6 . Al respecto, recientemente Chan y cols.…”