The expression of cannabinoid receptor 1 is significantly increased in atopic patients

Martín‐Fontecha, Mar; Eiwegger, Thomas; Jartti, Tuomas; Rueda-Zubiaurre, Ainoa; Tiringer, Kerstin; Stepanow, Jefim; Puhakka, Tuomo; Rückert, Beate; Ortega-Gutiérrez, Sílvia; López-Rodrı́guez, Marı́a L.; Akdiş, Mübeccel; Palomares, Óscar

doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2013.12.1032

Cited by 21 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…These two clusters became more distinctive in the presence of viral infection or allergy . In addition, it was demonstrated that the mRNA expression levels of the cannabinoid receptor CB1 are upregulated in peripheral blood and tonsils of allergic patients compared to control subjects . Using validated chemical probes for the cannabinoid receptor CB1, these findings were confirmed at the protein levels and CB1 expression demonstrated in purified tonsil T cells, B cells, mDCs, and pDCs .…”

Section: Tonsils As An Organ Of Allergen Tolerancementioning

confidence: 82%

“…18 In addition, it was demonstrated that the mRNA expression levels of the cannabinoid receptor CB1 are upregulated in peripheral blood and tonsils of allergic patients compared to control subjects. 181 Using validated chemical probes for the cannabinoid receptor CB1, 180 these findings were confirmed at the protein levels and CB1 expression demonstrated in purified tonsil T cells, B cells, mDCs, and pDCs. 181 More recently, it has been also demonstrated a direct relationship of serum vitamins A, D, and E and LL-37 levels with allergic status, tonsillar virus detection, and immune response.…”

Section: Cells Whereas Low Doses Induces Preferentiallymentioning

confidence: 91%

“…181 Using validated chemical probes for the cannabinoid receptor CB1, 180 these findings were confirmed at the protein levels and CB1 expression demonstrated in purified tonsil T cells, B cells, mDCs, and pDCs. 181 More recently, it has been also demonstrated a direct relationship of serum vitamins A, D, and E and LL-37 levels with allergic status, tonsillar virus detection, and immune response. 182 In this study, it was demonstrated that an antiviral activity was linked to serum levels of vitamin A, anti-inflammatory activity was linked to vitamin D, and Tregs was linked to LL-37.…”

Section: Cells Whereas Low Doses Induces Preferentiallymentioning

confidence: 91%

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Mechanisms of immune regulation in allergic diseases: the role of regulatory T and B cells

Palomares

Akdiş

Martín‐Fontecha

2017

Immunological Reviews

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263

300

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Allergy is a major public health problem with a high socio-economic impact. The number of allergic patients is expected to reach to four billion within two decades when the World's population reaches to 10 billion. Our knowledge on the molecular mechanisms underlying allergic diseases and allergen tolerance induction had significant advances during the last years. Nowadays, it is well accepted that the generation and maintenance of allergen-specific regulatory T cells (Tregs) and regulatory B cells (Bregs) and the involvement of their suppressive cytokines and surface molecules are essential for the induction of allergen tolerance. These mechanisms play essential roles for the restoration of healthy immune responses to allergens in allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) and healthy immune response during high-dose antigen exposure in beekeepers and cat owners. AIT remains as the only disease-modifying and curative treatment for allergic diseases and represents a perfect model to investigate the antigen-specific immune responses in humans. A large number of clinical trials demonstrated AIT as an effective treatment in many patients, but it still faces several drawbacks in relation to efficacy, safety, long duration, and patient adherence. Novel strategies to overcome these inconveniences, such as the development of novel adjuvants and alternative routes of administration are being developed. The better understanding of the molecular mechanism governing the generation of Treg and Breg cells during allergen tolerance might well open new avenues for alternative therapeutic interventions in allergic diseases and help better understanding of other immune-tolerance-related diseases.

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Section: Tonsils As An Organ Of Allergen Tolerancementioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Cells Whereas Low Doses Induces Preferentiallymentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Cells Whereas Low Doses Induces Preferentiallymentioning

confidence: 91%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Mechanisms of immune regulation in allergic diseases: the role of regulatory T and B cells

Palomares

Akdiş

Martín‐Fontecha

2017

Immunological Reviews

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263

300

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“…Metabolic reprogramming can govern the function of T cells, macrophages, and DCs. Immune activation is mainly linked to a glycolysis-driven upregulation of anabolic processes, [184,185] AEA, 2-AG, THC, and CBD inhibit cytokine production [61,81,186,187] AEA and PEA stimulate phagocytosis [188,189] 2-AG, THC, and WIN55212-2 modulate ROS production [187,190] CBD induces apoptosis [191] Dendritic cells (DCs) CB1 and CB2 [43,64] AEA, THC, JWH-015, and JWH-133 inhibit inflammatory cytokine production [65,66] AEA and THC inhibit the capacity to induce Th1 and Th17 responses [65,67] THC induces apoptosis [68] THC impairs human monocyte-derived DC differentiation [192] Neutrophils CB1 and CB2 [70,193] AEA, CBD, and CB2 signalling reduce cell migration [69,70] AEA and 2-AG induce cell activation and the release of antimicrobial effectors [70,71,194] NK cells CB1 and CB2 [60] 2-AG and THC inhibit cytolytic activity [72,74] CB2 signalling reduces cell migration [74] O-1602 induces high cytolytic activity and cytokine production [49] Eosinophils CB1 and CB2 [195] 2-AG increases cell recruitment [195,196] WIN55212-2 reduces cell recruitment [197] Mast cells CB1 and CB2 [73,103,198] AEA and AEA-derived compounds inhibit cell maturation and degranulation…”

Section: Anti-inflammatory Mechanisms Of Cannabinoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Cannabinoids in Allergic Diseases: Collegium Internationale Allergologicum (CIA) Update 2020

Angelina

Pérez‐Diego

López‐Abente

et al. 2020

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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The human endocannabinoid system (ECS) is a complex signalling network involved in many key physiological processes. The ECS includes the cannabinoid receptors, the endocannabinoid ligands, and the enzymes related to their synthesis and degradation. Other cannabinoids encompass the phytocannabinoids from Cannabis sativa L. (marijuana) and the synthetic cannabinoids. Alterations in the ECS are associated with different diseases, including inflammatory and immune-mediated disorders such as allergy. Allergy is a global health problem of increasing prevalence with high socioeconomic impact. Different studies have convincingly demonstrated that cannabinoids play a role in allergy, but their actual contribution is still controversial. It has been shown that cannabinoids exert anti-inflammatory properties in the airways and the skin of allergic patients. Other studies reported that cannabinoids might exacerbate asthma and atopic dermatitis mainly depending on CB2-mediated signalling pathways. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in the mode of action of specific cannabinoids and cannabinoid receptors on relevant immune cells under different biological contexts might well contribute to the design of novel strategies for the prevention and treatment of allergic diseases. Future research in this promising emerging field in the context of allergy is warranted for the upcoming years.

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“…Studies have shown that endocannabinoids and cannabinoid CB 1 receptors may have a significant inhibitory role in human mast cell degranulation and activation in the airway mucosa and skin, suggesting the contribution of the endocannabinoid system in the allergic diseases [59,60]. Martin-Fontecha et al have shown that the expression of CB 1 receptor has been upregulated in tonsils and peripheral blood of patients with allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, and food allergy [106]. In accordance with these studies, the high expression of the CB 1 receptor proteins were also demonstrated in B cells, T cells, pDCs, and mDCs of atopic donors [106].…”

Section: Airway Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endocannabinoid System in the Airways

Bozkurt

2019

Molecules

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Cannabinoids and the mammalian endocannabinoid system is an important research area of interest and attracted many researchers because of their widespread biological effects. The significant immune-modulatory role of cannabinoids has suggested their therapeutic use in several inflammatory conditions. Airways are prone to environmental irritants and stimulants, and increased inflammation is an important process in most of the respiratory diseases. Therefore, the main strategies for treating airway diseases are suppression of inflammation and producing bronchodilation. The ability of cannabinoids to induce bronchodilation and modify inflammation indicates their importance for airway physiology and pathologies. In this review, the contribution of cannabinoids and the endocannabinoid system in the airways are discussed, and the existing data for their therapeutic use in airway diseases are presented.

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The expression of cannabinoid receptor 1 is significantly increased in atopic patients

Cited by 21 publications

References 14 publications

Mechanisms of immune regulation in allergic diseases: the role of regulatory T and B cells

Mechanisms of immune regulation in allergic diseases: the role of regulatory T and B cells

The Role of Cannabinoids in Allergic Diseases: Collegium Internationale Allergologicum (CIA) Update 2020

Endocannabinoid System in the Airways

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