The expression and perception of facial emotion in brain-damaged patients

Borod, Joan C.; Koff, Elissa; Lorch, Marjorie Perlman; Nicholas, Marjorie

doi:10.1016/0028-3932(86)90050-3

Cited by 227 publications

(113 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…This direct link between the perception of emotions from facial expressions and the RH is in keeping with the faster responses to positive and negative emotions in the LVF/RH than in the RVF/LH observed in the present study. This is also consistent with the majority of the studies investigating the perception of facial emotions in normal subjects (Bryden 1982;Bryden and Ley 1983;Christman and Hackworth 1993;Davidson 1993;Lane et al 1995), unilateral braindamaged patients (Adolphs et al 2000;Blonder et al 1991;Borod 1992;Borod et al 1986Borod et al , 1998Bowers et al 1985;DeKosky et al 1980), and non-humans (Morris and Hopkins 1993;Vallortigara and Rogers 2005). Similar conclusions can be drawn from studies using event-related brain potentials (de Haan et al 1998) and electrical stimulation techniques in humans (Fried et al 1982), whereas findings from functional imaging contributed little to the question of functional asymmetry, mainly because hemispheric contrasts have not usually been computed (Adolphs 2002).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Functional asymmetry and interhemispheric cooperation in the perception of emotions from facial expressions

et al. 2005

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The present study used the redundant target paradigm on healthy subjects to investigate functional hemispheric asymmetries and interhemispheric cooperation in the perception of emotions from faces. In Experiment 1 participants responded to checkerboards presented either unilaterally to the left (LVF) or right visual half field (RVF), or simultaneously to both hemifields (BVF), while performing a pointing task for the control of eye movements. As previously reported (Miniussi et al. in J Cogn Neurosci 10:216-230, 1998), redundant stimulation led to shorter latencies for stimulus detection (bilateral gain or redundant target effect, RTE) that exceeded the limit for a probabilistic interpretation, thereby validating the pointing procedure and supporting interhemispheric cooperation. In Experiment 2 the same pointing procedure was used in a go/no-go task requiring subjects to respond when seeing a target emotional expression (happy or fearful, counterbalanced between blocks). Faster reaction times to unilateral LVF than RVF emotions, regardless of valence, indicate that the perception of positive and negative emotional faces is lateralized toward the right hemisphere. Simultaneous presentation of two congruent emotional faces, either happy or fearful, produced an RTE that cannot be explained by probability summation and suggests interhemispheric cooperation and neural summation. No such effect was present with BVF incongruent facial expressions. In Experiment 3 we studied whether the RTE for emotional faces depends on the physical identity between BVF stimuli, and we set a second BVF congruent condition in which there was only emotional but not physical or gender identity between stimuli (i.e. two different faces expressing the same emotion). The RTE and interhemispheric cooperation were present also in this second BVF congruent condition. This shows that emotional congruency is the sufficient condition for the RTE to take place in the intact brain and that the cerebral hemispheres can interact in spite of physical differences between stimuli.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Functional asymmetry and interhemispheric cooperation in the perception of emotions from facial expressions

et al. 2005

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“…In regard to the perception and recognition of emotion, some studies with brain-damaged subjects have provided data in support of the valence hypothesis (Borod, Koff, Lorch, & Nicholas, 1986;Mandal et al, 1999;Schmitt, Hartje, & Willmes, 1997), whereas others have provided more support for the right hemisphere hypothesis Borod et al, 1998). Findings from functional imaging have contributed little to the question of cortical hemispheric asymmetry because hemispheric contrasts have usually not been explicitly calculated (but they have investigated asymmetric involvement of subcortical structures) (cf.…”

Section: Lateralized Perception Of Emotion: the Right Cerebral Hemispmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recognizing Emotion from Facial Expressions: Psychological and Neurological Mechanisms

Adolphs

2002

Behavioral and Cognitive Neuroscience Reviews

1,190

862

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Recognizing emotion from facial expressions draws on diverse psychological processes implemented in a large, and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The sheer diversity of findings precludes any simple summary and argues against the isolation of only a few structures. Instead, it is becoming clear that recognizing facial emotion draws on multiple strategies subserved by a large array of different brain structures. This review will focus on those processes and structures whose role we understand best at present and will focus primarily on data from functional imaging and lesion studies. The review will not cover details of face identity processing or of facial emotion processing in psychiatric disorders.

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“…It should be noted however that these results are also partially consistent with the right hemisphere theory. In addition, Borod, Koff, Lorch & Nicholas (1986) found that RBDs were less accurate than LBDs in verbally labeling negative (sad, fear, anger, disgust, confusion) but not positive (happiness, surprise, sexual arousal) expressions (but see Cicone, Wapner, & Gardner, 1980). Finally, there are several studies which have not found hemispheric differences in the processing of any of the facial expressions analyzed.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Hemispheric Asymmetries and Depression on the Perception of Emotion

Moretti

Charlton

Taylor

1996

Brain and Cognition

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The present study investigated hemispheric asymmetries in the perception of positive and negative emotion. The moderating effect of depression on hemispheric asymmetries was also examined. Forty undergraduates were presented with happy and sad faces using a bilateral visual half-field design. Subjects were classified as depressed or nondepressed based on scores on the Beck Depression Inventory. For nondepressed subjects, a right hemisphere advantage emerged for the speed of processing open and close-mouth sad expressions. For depressed subjects a right hemisphere advantage emerged for the speed of processing open-mouth sad expressions. In addition, a right hemisphere advantage for accuracy in identifying sad expressions was found for all subjects. No visual field differences were found for processing happy expressions.There are currently two competing theories regarding hemispheric asymmetries in the perception of facial expressions. The dominant theory (right hemisphere theory) proposes that the right hemisphere is superior to the left hemisphere in the processing of all emotional expressions. The alternate theory, a valence-based theory, originated from studies of mood changes following unilateral brain damage (e.g., Gainotti, 1972) and predicts a right hemisphere advantage in the processing of negative expressions versus a left hemisphere advantage in the processing of positive expressions (Davidson, 1 Final version published in Brain and Cognition 32, 67-82 (1996).

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The expression and perception of facial emotion in brain-damaged patients

Cited by 227 publications

References 43 publications

Functional asymmetry and interhemispheric cooperation in the perception of emotions from facial expressions

Functional asymmetry and interhemispheric cooperation in the perception of emotions from facial expressions

Recognizing Emotion from Facial Expressions: Psychological and Neurological Mechanisms

The Effects of Hemispheric Asymmetries and Depression on the Perception of Emotion

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