The exposure to formaldehyde in industries and health care centers: A systematic review and probabilistic health risk assessment

Soltanpour, Zahra; Mohammadian, Yousef; Fakhri, Yadolah

doi:10.1016/j.envres.2021.112094

Cited by 44 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Despite its advantages, the formaldehyde emission during the use of wood products seriously impedes the sustainable application of UF resin as formaldehyde was reclassified as a class I carcinogenic substance by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) in 2004, resulting in more strict limits for the formaldehyde emission level. 5,6 To achieve low formaldehyde emission, lowering the F/U molar ratio, commonly, via the addition of postadded urea in UF resin synthesis is a valid strategy. However, with a low molar ratio of F/U applied, the bonding strength of UF declines sharply.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Conventional formaldehyde-based resins, such as urea-formaldehyde (UF), melamine-formaldehyde (MF), and phenol-formaldehyde resin (PF), have been widely used in manufacturing of wood composites, such as fiber boards, plywood, particle boards, and so on. − Owing to its relatively good bonding strength and low cost, UF has become the mostly used adhesive. Despite its advantages, the formaldehyde emission during the use of wood products seriously impedes the sustainable application of UF resin as formaldehyde was reclassified as a class I carcinogenic substance by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) in 2004, resulting in more strict limits for the formaldehyde emission level. , …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Highly Branched Polyurea-Based Resins: Clean Synthesis and Wood Bonding Performance

Jiang

Wang

et al. 2022

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Development of green and safe adhesives with high performance is important for sustainability of the wood industry. In this work, highly branched polyureas (HBPUs) were synthesized via polycondensations of urea (U) with triethylenetetramine by a one-pot and one-step strategy. Structural characterization studies by employing Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry, electrospray ionization−mass spectrometry, gel permeation chromatography determination, and thermogravimetric analysis were also performed. HBPU solutions were used as formaldehyde-free wood adhesives and exhibited good bonding performance. The effects of the synthetic conditions and hot-press on bonding performance were investigated and discussed. Best bonding performance was achieved with a U/TETA molar ratio of 3.0, a reaction time of 13 h and a hot-press temperature of 220 °C.HBPUs were further reacted with formaldehyde (F) in different low F/U molar ratios to produce HBPU−formaldehyde (HBPUF) resins. Differential scanning calorimetry analysis demonstrated that the HBPUF resins exhibited similar curing behavior to conventional urea-formaldehyde (UF) resin, but relatively lower cure temperature. When HBPUF resins were used as wood adhesives, they showed better bonding performance and a much lower formaldehyde emission level than UF resin. Facile synthesis and satisfactory performance of HBPU and HBPUF resins make their applications in the wood industry promising.

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Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly Branched Polyurea-Based Resins: Clean Synthesis and Wood Bonding Performance

Jiang

Wang

et al. 2022

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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“…8,9 Formaldehyde (FA), a ubiquitous environmental contaminant, has been reported to be associated with various diseases, such as neurological, dermal, and respiratory disorders as well as cancer. 10,11 As for the association with semen quality, numerous animal studies have found that FA exposure contributes to damage on seminiferous tubules [12][13][14][15][16][17] and declines in semen quality [18][19][20] in rats and mice. Unfortunately, human studies remained limited, and findings have been inconsistent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Semen Quality Following Long-term Occupational Exposure to Formaldehyde in China

Wang

Yang

et al. 2022

JAMA Netw Open

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IMPORTANCEThe potential effects of long-term occupational exposure to formaldehyde (FA) on human semen quality is not clear. OBJECTIVE To assess whether long-term occupational exposure to FA is associated with semen quality. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This population-based cohort study was conducted fromJune 1 to June 30, 2021, in Xi'an, China. Participants were adults aged 23 to 40 years who had lived in the study area for 24 months or longer. Data analysis was performed from September 1 to October 1, 2021.EXPOSURES Long-term occupational exposure to FA was measured using a formaldehyde detector, and the FA exposure index (FEI) was calculated as follows: FEI = final concentration of FA (mg/m 3 ) × work time during a workday (hour) × cumulative workdays (year). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURESSemen samples were collected by masturbation after 3 to 7 days of abstinence and were then assessed by the computer-automated semen analysis system, Baso-Papanicolaou staining, and sperm-chromatin structure assay. RESULTSA total of 205 men (mean [SD] age, 29.49 [3.64] years), with 124 individuals in the FA exposure group (mean [SD] FEI , 73.72 [54.86]) and 81 age-matched controls, were included in the final analysis. Long-term personal occupational exposure to FA was significantly associated with poor semen quality. Specifically, a 1-unit increase in FEI was associated with a change of −0.

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“…In the construction materials industry, and especially in the production of engineered wood products, one of the most widely used binders are phenolic-based binders [ 2 , 3 , 4 ]. Formaldehyde-based binders are cheap and have a very strong adhesion to many materials, but they are very harmful—they have a carcinogenic effect [ 5 , 6 ]. Other synthetic binders are significantly more expensive or do not provide good adhesion properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sapropel as a Binding Material for Wood Processing Waste in the Development of Thermal Insulation Biocomposite

et al. 2023

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When developing new innovative building materials, their performance characteristics as well as their environmental friendliness are important. It is difficult to produce a fully ecological material for building envelopes, because there is a lack of ecological binding materials on the market, good binding materials are very expensive, and cheaper ones have poorer adhesive properties and performance characteristics. In this work, natural organic sapropel was used as an ecological binder. Before use, an organic sapropel was additionally mechanically activated. Its activation efficiency was evaluated on the basis of consistency and tensile strength. Sapropel activation increased its consistency from 112 to 168 mm and its tensile strength from 466 to 958 kPa. Wood processing waste was used as a filler for the thermal insulation biocomposite. Additionally, the wood waste was chopped to regulate the density and main performance properties of the biocomposite. The density of the biocomposite was also regulated using different amounts of sapropel and the degree of compaction of the composite mixture. In this work, the influence of the amount of sapropel, the level of compression of the biocomposite mixture, and the size of the wood waste particles on the thermal conductivity and compressive stress of the biocomposite was analyzed. It was found that the compression level had the greatest influence on both the compressive stress and thermal conductivity, up to 12 times and 43.3%, respectively.

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The exposure to formaldehyde in industries and health care centers: A systematic review and probabilistic health risk assessment

Cited by 44 publications

References 30 publications

Highly Branched Polyurea-Based Resins: Clean Synthesis and Wood Bonding Performance

Highly Branched Polyurea-Based Resins: Clean Synthesis and Wood Bonding Performance

Semen Quality Following Long-term Occupational Exposure to Formaldehyde in China

Sapropel as a Binding Material for Wood Processing Waste in the Development of Thermal Insulation Biocomposite

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