The exposure of pedestrians, drivers and road transport passengers to nitrogen dioxide

Żak, Magdalena; Melaniuk-Wolny, Edyta; Widziewicz, Kamila

doi:10.1016/j.apr.2016.10.011

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Generally, the results should lead to changes in the field of urban road transport by political members [34]. From a medical point of view, further studies are needed to determine if exposure to these levels of pollutants in the general population are related to adverse health effects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Indoor Air Pollution in Cars: An Update on Novel Insights

Zulauf

Dröge

Klingelhöfer

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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From a global viewpoint, a lot of time is spent within the indoor air compartment of vehicles. A German study on mobility has revealed that, on average, people spend 45 minutes per day inside vehicles. In recent years the number of cars has increased to around 43 million vehicles in private households. This means that more than one car can be used in every household. The ratio has been growing, especially in eastern Germany and rural areas. “Overall and especially outside the cities, the car remains by far number one mode of transport, especially in terms of mileage”. Therefore, numerous international studies have addressed different aspects of indoor air hygiene, in the past years. In this paper, meaningful original studies on car indoor air pollution, related to VOCs, COx, PMs, microbials, BFRs, OPFRs, cigarettes, electronic smoking devices, high molecular weight plasticizer, and NOx are summarized in the form of a review. This present review aimed to summarize recently published studies in this important field of environmental medicine and points to the need for further studies with special recommendations for optimizing the interior air hygiene.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The maximum NO 2 value measured in a car travelling in city traffic was 183.2 mg/m 3 . The minimum NO 2 value of 9.3 mg/m 3 was found in a road in next to a residential area (low traffic intensity, pollution dispersion) [34].…”

Section: Possible Pollutantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indoor Air Pollution in Cars: An Update on Novel Insights

Zulauf

Dröge

Klingelhöfer

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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“…Nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) is typically an outdoor pollutant produced when air is heated-for example, in diesel engines and power plants [18,19]. However, in urban environments, it can also exist at high levels inside homes and vehicles due to indoor sources, such as cooking, as well as exchange with the outdoor air [20][21][22][23][24]. According to the WHO, it has been implicated in a host of direct, negative health effects including airway irritation, asthma, respiratory disorders and lung cancer, as well as having a powerful impact on the cycles involved in the production of other pollutants such as ozone and particulate matter (PM), which are both associated with further negative health outcomes [25,26].…”

Section: Nitrogen Dioxide Emissions and Health Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Materials for Combined Nitrogen Dioxide and Formaldehyde Pollution Control under Ambient Conditions

Russell

Bonomaully²,

Bossi

et al. 2020

Catalysts

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Formaldehyde (HCHO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) often co-exist in urban environments at levels that are hazardous to health. There is a demand for a solution to the problem of their combined removal. In this paper, we investigate catalysts, adsorbents and composites for their removal efficiency (RE) toward HCHO and NO2, in the context of creating a pollution control device (PCD). Proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometry and cavity ring-down spectrometry are used to measure HCHO, and chemiluminescence and absorbance-based monitors for NO2. Commercially available and lab-synthesized materials are tested under relevant conditions. None of the commercial adsorbents are effective for HCHO removal, whereas two metal oxide-based catalysts are highly effective, with REs of 81 ± 4% and 82 ± 1%, an improvement on previous materials tested under similar conditions. The best performing material for combined removal is a novel composite consisting of a noble metal catalyst supported on a metal oxide, combined with a treated active carbon adsorbent. The composite is theorized to work synergistically to physisorb and oxidize HCHO and chemisorb NO2. It has an HCHO RE of 72 ± 2% and an NO2 RE of 96 ± 2%. This material has potential as the active component in PCDs used to reduce personal pollution exposure.

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“…Before exposure, the absorbent paper was treated with 0.1 mL of 20% (m/m) triethanolamine aqueous solution. The details concerning absorbing solution and its chemical reactions with NO 2 were presented byŻak et al [1], following [33][34][35].…”

Section: Sample Collection and Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The allocation of significant funds for the development of road infrastructure is connected with the ecological nuisance of transport. In urban areas, road transport is probably the most environmentally hazardous source of air pollution [1]. The types of moving vehicles and the traffic intensity (as well as fluency of movement) are the factors which have an impact on pollutant concentration recorded in urban air [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-Regional Highway Built through a City Centre as an Example of the Sustainable Development of Urban Transport

Żak

Mainka

2020

Sustainability

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Sustainable development requires ensuring the mobility of residents and must not cause deterioration of the quality of the environment in the selected area. The purpose of this study is to verify if the construction of a cross-regional highway through the city centre affected air quality in the neighbourhood of a newly built road. Air quality was assessed based on measurements of concentrations of nitrogen dioxide, which is considered to be typical for automotive sources air pollution. The spectrophotometric method with passive sampling was used in the 24 h NO2 measurements. The calculated mean NO2 concentrations in the periods before and after road construction were within the ranges of 23.2–31.9 μg/m3 and 22.3–28.9 μg/m3, respectively. The relative NO2 concentrations determined in the study for 10 out of 11 sampling points were lower than the unity, including 5 points markedly lower (0.82–0.89). The obtained results indicate that the construction of the new artery by the city centre, using appropriate technical solutions and traffic organization (tunnel, noise barriers, roundabouts, speed limit) likely contributed to an overall reduction in NO2 concentrations. The presented solution may serve as an example for other cities struggling with problems of low air quality associated with inefficient transportation systems.

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The exposure of pedestrians, drivers and road transport passengers to nitrogen dioxide

Cited by 12 publications

References 55 publications

Indoor Air Pollution in Cars: An Update on Novel Insights

Indoor Air Pollution in Cars: An Update on Novel Insights

Novel Materials for Combined Nitrogen Dioxide and Formaldehyde Pollution Control under Ambient Conditions

Cross-Regional Highway Built through a City Centre as an Example of the Sustainable Development of Urban Transport

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