The experimental production of coronary artery insufficiency and occlusion

Litvak, Jack; Siderides, Lambros E.; Vineberg, Arthur

doi:10.1016/0002-8703(57)90359-9

Cited by 173 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…a left thoracotomy was performed in the fourth intercostal space. The proximal 1.5 cm of thae circumflex branch of the left coronary artery was dissected free and an Ameroid constrictor (Threepoint Products, Montreal, Quebec, Canada), chosen to fit snugly in contact with the artery, was placed around the vessel proximal to any branches (6). All animals survived this surgery, but two aniimals subsequently died, one 17 days and one 21 days postoperatively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of exercise on perfusion of collateral-dependent myocardium in dogs with chronic coronary artery occlusion.

Lambert¹,

Hess²,

Bache³

1977

J. Clin. Invest.

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A B S T R A C T Since the ability of mature intercoronary collateral channels to increase myocardial blood flow in response to drug-induced coronary vasodilation has been questioned, the present study was undertaken to evaluate the response of coronary collateral circulation to the stress of exercise. Studies were performed at rest and during two levels of treadmill exercise in six dogs a minimum of 6 mo after placement of an Ameroid constrictor on the left circumflex coronary artery. Regional myocardial blood flow was estimated in normally perfused anterior and predominantly collateral-dependent posterior left ventricular wall with left atrial injections of radionuclide-labeled microspheres 7-10 lOtm in diameter. At rest, heart rate was 87+7 beats/min and mean myocardial blood flow was comparable in control and collateral-dependent regions (0.96+0.13 and 0.97 +0.14 ml/min g, respectively). During exercise, heart rates increased to 180+13 and 228+14 beats/min and myocardial blood flow (MBF) in the anterior control region increased linearly with heart rate (HR), (MBF = 0.133 HR -0.202, r = 0.88). MBF to the posterior collateral-dependent region was similarly augmented during exercise (MBF = 0.140 HR -0.252, r = 0.89), so that the linear correlation between HR and MBF was similar for the control and collateral-

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Journal of Clinical Investigatiotn Volume 59 January 1977 [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] I from the time of' constrictor implantation to the experimental intervention.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of exercise on perfusion of collateral-dependent myocardium in dogs with chronic coronary artery occlusion.

Lambert¹,

Hess²,

Bache³

1977

J. Clin. Invest.

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“…In most of these models, external constrictors were implanted by operative thoracotomy and surgical vessel dissection [18,19,20,21,22]. Most commonly, the Ameroid constrictor has been placed around the circumflex artery, and this has repeatedly led to complete coronary artery occlusion [18, 23, 24].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical Single Proximal Left Arterial Descending Coronary Artery Stenosis to Mimic Chronic Myocardial Ischemia: A New Model Induced by Minimal Invasive Technology

Horstick

Bierbach²,

Abegunewardene³

et al. 2008

J Vasc Res

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Background/Aims: The present report examines a new pig model for progressive induction of high-grade stenosis, for the study of chronic myocardial ischemia and the dynamics of collateral vessel growth. Methods: Thirty-nine Landrace pigs were instrumented with a novel experimental stent (GVD stent) in the left anterior descending coronary artery. Eight animals underwent transthoracic echocardiography at rest and under low-dose dobutamine. Seven animals were examined by nuclear PET and SPECT analysis. Epi-, mid- and endocardial fibrosis and the numbers of arterial vessels were examined by histology. Results: Functional analysis showed a significant decrease in global left ventricular ejection fraction (24.5 ± 1.6%) 3 weeks after implantation. There was a trend to increased left ventricular ejection fraction after low-dose dobutamine stress (36.0 ± 6.6%) and a significant improvement of the impaired regional anterior wall motion. PET and SPECT imaging documented chronic hibernation. Myocardial fibrosis increased significantly in the ischemic area with a gradient from epi- to endocardial. The number of arterial vessels in the ischemic area increased and coronary angiography showed abundant collateral vessels of Rentrop class 1. Conclusion: The presented experimental model mimics the clinical situation of chronic myocardial ischemia secondary to 1-vessel coronary disease.

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“…The left coronary artery was approached with retraction of the left atria] appendage after opening of the pericardium. The first part of the anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery was then carefully dissected free from connective tissue and fat for a distance of at least 1.5 cm, and cylindrical constrictor of a hygroscopic casein base plastic (Ameroid) (13) was slipped onto the exposed artery 5 mm from its ostium to produce a gradual oc clusion. The constrictors were 6.0 mm in diameter and 4.0 mm long, and encased in a stainless steel cull' to ensure constriction as shown in Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Coronary Collateral Circulation in Miniature Swine and Effects of Several Drugs*.

Nakagawa

Takeda

Katano

et al. 1979

Japanese Journal of Pharmacology

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Abstract-To determine whether or not the development of collateral channels can he accelerated by administration of vasodilators and whether the opening up of functional collateral channels is associated with an improved survival rate, a gradual occlusion of the major branches of the left coronary artery was produced in miniature swine with an Ameroid constrictor.Oral administration of drugs (twice a day) was started seven days before operation and was continued throughout the experimental period of 2 months. While the survival rate of the untreated animals was 6; 15 (40°;)), survival rates of animals treated with adenosine potentiators, dipyridamole and dilazep were 417 (57.1 °,;) and 5r7 (71.4°x;), respectively. However, a significant improvement of the survival rate was attained by KI 2119, survival rate was 617 (85.7 °0. Coronary angiography of the survived control animals revealed numerous, fine, collateral com munications between the left and right coronary arteries. Treatment with dipyridamole and dilazep resulted in formation of a dense network of thick collaterals.To quanti tate the degree of formation of the collateral channels, the anatomic anastomotic indices (AAI's) were calculated using histological specimens of the anterior free wall of the left ventricle. According to Menick et al. (16), AAI is a good measure of the functional capacity of the collateral vessels. AAI's of the animals treated with di pyridamole and dilazep were 2416.6_-=454.0 and 1864.7_x_ 248.3 as compared with 704.3--407.9 of the untreated animals. AAI's of the KI 2119-treated animals did not differ from those of the control animals. A linear correlation was observed between the survival rate and AAI's (r-0.74, p,--'0.05), indicating a close relationship between the survival rate and the development of functional collateral channels.It is generally accepted that well-developed and functional collateral arteries provide an effective defence against obstructive diseases of the coronary arteries.Although col laterals have been found in normal hearts of man (1-5), dog (6-8) and pigs (9-10), the functional capacity of these anastomoses is not sufliciently great to protect the heart from infarcts or ventricular fibrillation resulting from a sudden occlusion of the main trunks of the coronary arteries.For the collaterals to function as an efficient defence, a prior enlarge ment and growth of the pre-existing vessels is necessary, and such is effected by arterial hypoxia, anemia, and stenosis and occlusion of the coronary arteries. In addition, several

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The experimental production of coronary artery insufficiency and occlusion

Cited by 173 publications

References 15 publications

Effect of exercise on perfusion of collateral-dependent myocardium in dogs with chronic coronary artery occlusion.

Effect of exercise on perfusion of collateral-dependent myocardium in dogs with chronic coronary artery occlusion.

Critical Single Proximal Left Arterial Descending Coronary Artery Stenosis to Mimic Chronic Myocardial Ischemia: A New Model Induced by Minimal Invasive Technology

Development of Coronary Collateral Circulation in Miniature Swine and Effects of Several Drugs*.

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