The experiences of intensive care nurses coping with ethical conflict: a qualitative descriptive study

Abstract

Background The critical conditions and life risk scenarios make intensive care nurses susceptible to ethical conflict. Negative consequences were recognized at both the individual level and the professional level which highly compromised the patient care and nurses’ well-being. Therefore, ethical conflict has become a major concern in nursing practice. However, the experience of coping with ethical conflict among intensive care nurses remains unclear. Aims This study aims to explore the experience of intensive care nurses coping with ethical conflict in China. Methods From December 2021 to February 2022, in- depth interviews with 15 intensive care nurses from five intensive care units in a tertiary general hospital in China was performed using purposive sampling. An inductive thematic analysis approach was used to analyze the data. We applied the consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research for this study. Results Two distinctive themes were found: detachment and engagement, which contained four subthemes: ignoring ethical problems in the workplace, seeking ways to express emotions, perspective-taking, and identifying positive assets. Theses coping strategies demonstrated an ongoing process with different essential features. Intensive care nurses acquired skills and experience to form more mature and well-adapted coping strategies. Conclusion This study provides a new insight into the experience of intensive care nurses coping with ethical conflict in clinical nursing. Intensive care nurses demonstrated differential experience of coping with ethical conflict in clinical nursing including problem-focused, emotion-focused and meaning-making strategies. These findings have implications for policymakers and nursing administrators to develop ethical education and training and supportive environment for intensive care nurses to tackle this issue.