The Experiences of African American Mothers Raising Sons in the Context of #BlackLivesMatter

Joe, J. Richelle; Shillingford-Butler, M. Ann; Oh, Seungbin

doi:10.15241/jrj.9.1.67

Cited by 17 publications

(27 citation statements)

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“…In accordance with the examination of the BA men's psychosocial experience within its environmental context, the code underlying the concept of empathic isolation is particularly meaningful. Empathic isolation has been defined as a lack of empathy from others regarding lived experiences, in this case racial injustice (Joe et al, 2019). As it pertained to empathic isolation Participant DC commented, "They don't empathize or sympathize with us at all-we always at the bottom of the barrel."…”

Section: Racial Pandemic Black Male Experiencementioning

confidence: 99%

The racial pandemic experienced by Black American men: Cognitive–behavioral and structural implications.

Gregory¹,

Edmonds²

2023

American Journal of Orthopsychiatry

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Issues of systemic racism, mass incarceration, and cultural trauma (CT) are linked to emotional sequelae sufficient for treatment. However, attempts to explain the psychosocial reactions of Black American (BA) men to racial injustice and treat CT must be considered in the context of the current and past structural environments in which they live. The purpose of the present study was to obtain in-depth, thick description of two related factors: BA males’ perceptions of injustice during the racial pandemic and the consequent psychosocial implications for theory and treatment. An interview guide addressing racial injustice, CT, and coping was used to conduct individual and focus groups’ interviews with 20 BA men. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis. The qualitative analysis found five themes that collectively fulfilled the study’s aims: (1) A violation of the social contract for Black American men, (2) Black American male distrust for police, (3) tripartite Black American male, police fear and heterogeneous emotions, (4) spiritual, technological, appraisal, and relational Black American male coping for racial injustice, and (5) Black American male resilience despite permanence of the racial status quo. As it pertains to BA male racial injustice and the residual CT, the qualitative data suggested multidimensional interventions that are cognitive–behavioral and structural in nature may be worthy of further empirical investigation. From a CT intervention perspective, the five emerging themes can be directly translated into cognitive–behavioral principles regarding therapeutic rapport, cultural adaptation, emphasis on positivity, and collaborative empiricism when working with BA men.

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Section: Racial Pandemic Black Male Experiencementioning

confidence: 99%

The racial pandemic experienced by Black American men: Cognitive–behavioral and structural implications.

Gregory¹,

Edmonds²

2023

American Journal of Orthopsychiatry

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“…Furthermore, police brutality is a psychosocial stressor that can play a huge role in affecting Black mothers’ lives. Black mothers experience a gendered racial vulnerability by often being responsible for teaching their children how to respond to police violence in the “police talk” [ 35 ], which can cause psychological distress and physical manifestations of stress [ 36 ]. Police brutality and other forms of structural racism can also take a toll on Black mothers, including those in the workplace, as anticipated negative police-youth encounters have been linked to depressive symptoms among pregnant Black women [ 37 , 38 ].…”

Section: Police Brutality Social Unrest and Political Turmoilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Black Women Faculty and Administrators Navigating COVID-19, Social Unrest, and Academia: Challenges and Strategies

Njoku

Evans

2022

IJERPH

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Black women faculty and administrators in the United States are tackling a force of socioeconomic and racial disparities, emotional tolls and invisible burdens within academia, political turmoil, social unrest, and public health crises. COVID-19 has added an additional layer related to work responsibilities, the overall well-being of Black women faculty and administrators and the diverse students they encounter, and management of work and home responsibilities. This paper discusses perspectives and evidence-based strategies regarding Black women faculty and administrators who navigate academia and teach during times of COVID-19 and social unrest. We also outline strategies for university leaders to mitigate cultural and racial gaps in the classroom or workplace and foster diversity and inclusion in academia.

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“…Next, a qualitative study of African American adolescents by Staggers‐Hakim (2016) found that participants held a sense of connection to nationally recognized cases of UPV and developed beliefs that African American men experience discrimination from law enforcement officers, should fear law enforcement, should anticipate being racially profiled, and need to exercise caution to prevent harm. Last, a study by Joe et al (2019) found that African American mothers experience psychological distress, develop physical symptoms, exhibit hypervigilance in parenting, and experience isolation while raising their sons in the midst of vicarious exposure to UPV.…”

Section: Impact and Mental Health Implication Of Upvmentioning

confidence: 99%

Undue Police Violence Toward African Americans: An Analysis of Professional Counselors' Training and Perceptions

Green

Evans

2021

Jour of Counseling & Develop

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There has been increasing attention on excessive force by law enforcement because of the disproportionate impact on African Americans compared with other races. Undue police violence (UPV) is described as the use of force by the police resulting in physical, psychological, or emotional harm. This cross‐sectional study used descriptive and correlational analyses to explore the beliefs, knowledge, and skills of counselors associated with UPV. A sample of 112 individuals completed the Awareness of Undue Police Violence Survey, Attitudes Towards Police Legitimacy Scale (Reynolds et al., 2018), and Perceived Racism Scale (McNeilly, Anderson, Armstead, et al., 1996). Results showed that although 68% of counselors have worked with clients with UPV experiences, most have not engaged in advocacy efforts. Results also showed that beliefs held about UPV have a negative relationship with beliefs about officer legitimacy and a positive relationship with perceived racism. Recommendations for researchers and counselors are provided.

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The Experiences of African American Mothers Raising Sons in the Context of #BlackLivesMatter

Cited by 17 publications

References 0 publications

The racial pandemic experienced by Black American men: Cognitive–behavioral and structural implications.

The racial pandemic experienced by Black American men: Cognitive–behavioral and structural implications.

Black Women Faculty and Administrators Navigating COVID-19, Social Unrest, and Academia: Challenges and Strategies

Undue Police Violence Toward African Americans: An Analysis of Professional Counselors' Training and Perceptions

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