The experience of durum wheat cultivation in the conditions of Kalmykia

Abstract

In 2016–2020 in the Republic of Kalmykia the winter durum wheat area was sown by the variety ‘Kermen’ of joint development by the Kalmykia Research Agricultural Institute named after M.B. Narmaev, a branch of the “Pre-Kaspy Agricultural Federal Research Center RAS” (KRAI, a branch of the PkAFRC RAS) and the FSBSI “National Center of grain named after P.P. Lukyanenko”, and the variety ‘Kristella’ developed by the FSBSI Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy”. The current paper has presented the study results of productivity and grain quality of the varieties ‘Kermen’ and ‘Kristella’ on the experimental plot of the KRAI, a branch of the PkAFRC RAS over the past five years. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the winter durum wheat varieties according to the traits of productivity and grain quality for giving recommendations and their further introduction into production. In the conditions of the experimental plot of the KRAI, a branch of the PkAFRC RAS, over five years the mean productivity of the variety ‘Kermen’ exceeded that of the variety ‘Kristella’ on 0.56 t/ha, or 14.2%. There should be noted that the variety ‘Kristella’ showed the maximum productivity (5.88 t/ha) in 2016, which was a reliable addition to the variety ‘Kermen’. The varieties ‘Kermen’ and ‘Kristella’ have formed grain with a sufficiently high percentage of protein and gluten, which according to GOST 9353-2016, meets the requirements of the 1st and 3rd class for winter durum wheat. There were identified higher quality indicators in the variety ‘Kristella’.