The exopolymer secretions (EPS) layer surrounding <i>Aureoumbra lagunensis</i> cells affects growth, grazing, and behavior of protozoa

Liu, Hongbin; Buskey, Edward J.

doi:10.4319/lo.2000.45.5.1187

Cited by 75 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(30 reference statements)

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“…Other researchers have suggested that the excretion of mucous by algae provide advantages in terms of nutrient availability, competition with other phytoplankton species and reduction of grazing losses (Reynolds 2006). The presence of large quantities of mucilage may also contribute to observed negative impacts of A. sanguinea on other plankton, pelagic fauna and benthic organisms, as observed for other mucous producing algal species (Shumway 1990, Buskey & Hyatt 1995, Liu & Buskey 2000, Botes et al 2002.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Akashiwo sanguinea (Dinophyceae) blooms in a sub-tropical estuary: An alga for all seasons

Badylak

Phlips

Mathews

2014

Plankton Benthos Res

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Abstract:Akashiwo sanguinea is a cosmopolitan dinoflagellate that has been observed to form major blooms in coastal ecosystems around the world. A. sanguinea plays a major role in the ecology of many marine environments, including coastal ecosystems with variable salinities, where its euryhaline character makes it competitive. The study involved monthly water sampling and measurement of physical-chemical parameters at four sites from the upper reaches of the Caloosahatchee Estuary to San Carlos Bay bordering the Gulf of Mexico. Major A. sanguinea blooms were observed in the Caloosahatchee estuary, with biovolume up to 30.5 10 6 μm 3 mL 1 , equivalent to 740 cells mL 1 , in the upper estuary. The latter regions of the estuary also had the greatest range of salinity and the highest total nitrogen and total phosphorus concentrations. The dynamics of blooms are discussed within the context of spatial and temporal patterns of salinity, temperature and nutrient concentrations, as they relate to hydrologic and climatic conditions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Akashiwo sanguinea (Dinophyceae) blooms in a sub-tropical estuary: An alga for all seasons

Badylak

Phlips

Mathews

2014

Plankton Benthos Res

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“…Thus, less desirable species of phytoplankton may experience lower predation rates and these phytoplankton may be assumed to include less nutritious, noxious or toxic algal taxa. In support of this argument, poor nutritional quality and exopolymer excretions have been demonstrated as factors contributing to the dominance of the Texas brown tide alga Aureoumbra lagunensis in Laguna Madre, Texas (Buskey et al 1997, Liu & Buskey 2000.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Effect of the northern quahog Mercenaria mercenaria on the development of blooms of the brown tide alga Aureococcus anophagefferens

Cerrato¹,

Caron²,

Lonsdale³

et al. 2004

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Three experiments were carried out in 300 l mesocosms using natural seawater from the Peconic Bays ecosystem, Long Island, New York, to examine the ability of the northern quahog Mercenaria mercenaria to prevent blooms of the brown tide alga Aureococcus anophagefferens. Nutrient enrichment and mixing of the mesocosms was conducted according to previous methods that we have employed to induce brown tides. Treatments with and without clams were examined. Abundances of A. anophagefferens increased dramatically during 8 to 9 d experiments in mesocosms without bivalves (average peak abundances > 600 000 cells ml -1). The brown tide alga constituted > 50% of the total phytoplankton biomass in these mesocosms by the end of the experiment. In contrast, algae in mesocosms with high abundances of clams did not develop brown tides and A. anophagefferens abundances in these mesocosms were 2 orders of magnitude lower. Bivalves not only prevented a buildup of total phytoplankton biomass but also prevented the shift in phytoplankton species composition to dominance by A. anophagefferens observed in treatments without clams. Experiments to test the efficacy of different abundances of clams for preventing blooms of A. anophagefferens demonstrated that population clearance rates by clams of approximately 40% of the mesocosm volume d -1 were sufficient to prevent the buildup of phytoplankton biomass and net population growth of the brown tide alga under the environmental conditions and nutrient enrichment that we employed. This turnover rate by suspension-feeding bivalves is similar to the same magnitude of bivalve filtration pressure estimated for Great South Bay, Long Island more than 2 decades ago, prior to the outbreak of brown tides. We conclude that the feeding activities of northern quahogs in shallow bays can exert considerable control on total phytoplankton biomass in the overlying water column, and specifically on the ability of A. anophagefferens to dominate the phytoplankton assemblage and form brown tides.

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“…L 21 demonstrated to be the threshold for negative effects. Because the mesoflagellate-derived TEP consisted mainly of free particles, differences in exopolymer secretions, generally associated with cells and known to affect grazers (Liu and Buskey 2000), can also be excluded as a mechanism for the avoidance of some strains. Similarly, we did not find any evidence for toxin excretion by P. globosa.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trophic significance of solitary cells of the prymnesiophyte Phaeocystis globosa depends on cell type

Dutz

Koski

2006

Limnol. Oceanogr.

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With the use of five different isolates of Phaeocystis globosa solitary cells from the North Sea, we conducted experiments to reveal whether grazing and development of the nauplii of the calanoid copepod Temora longicornis varies in response to the cell type. Two P. globosa strains representing nonflagellated cells were ingested at intermediate to high rates and resulted in high survival and development, comparable to the Rhodomonas sp. control. In contrast, the response to three mesoflagellate strains was highly variable. Feeding on two of these strains was avoided, whereas the third strain was ingested; however, the mesoflagellates induced poor survival and development regardless of the feeding response. These observations differ from previous results, which generally demonstrate microzooplankton feeding on Phaeocystis. The morphological characterization of strains, together with mixture experiments, revealed that neither the production of transparent exopolymer particles and chitinous threads nor toxicity can explain the observed response. The cohesion of the threads into pentagonal stars was observed only in the avoided mesoflagellate and might cause a mechanical hindrance for the ingestion of mesoflagellates. Our results suggest that grazing loss and trophic transfer efficiency might be overestimated when solitary cells are treated as a single functional group with regard to their trophic position.

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The exopolymer secretions (EPS) layer surrounding Aureoumbra lagunensis cells affects growth, grazing, and behavior of protozoa

Cited by 75 publications

References 13 publications

Akashiwo sanguinea (Dinophyceae) blooms in a sub-tropical estuary: An alga for all seasons

Akashiwo sanguinea (Dinophyceae) blooms in a sub-tropical estuary: An alga for all seasons

Effect of the northern quahog Mercenaria mercenaria on the development of blooms of the brown tide alga Aureococcus anophagefferens

Trophic significance of solitary cells of the prymnesiophyte Phaeocystis globosa depends on cell type

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