The exogenous opioid peptides and DPPIV serum activity in infants with apnoea expressed as apparent life threatening events (ALTE)

Wasilewska, Jolanta; Sienkiewicz-Szłapka, Edyta; Kuźbida, Ewa; Jarmołowska, Beata; Kaczmarski, Maciej; Kostyra, Elżbieta

doi:10.1016/j.npep.2011.01.005

Cited by 56 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…11,12 They recorded each study's relevance to the clinical question, research design, setting, time period covered, sample size, patient eligibility criteria, data source, variables collected, key results, study e6 in the updated (n = 18) and original (n = 37) systematic review (Supplemental Table 7). 6,7,[13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] The resulting systematic review was used to develop the guideline recommendations by following the policy statement from the AAP Steering Committee on Quality Improvement and Management, "Classifying Recommendations for Clinical Practice Guidelines." 29 Decisions and the strength of recommendations were based on a systematic grading of the quality of evidence from the updated literature review by 2 independent reviewers and incorporation of the previous systematic review.…”

Section: Patient Factors That Determine a Lower Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brief Resolved Unexplained Events (Formerly Apparent Life-Threatening Events) and Evaluation of Lower-Risk Infants

Tieder¹,

Bonkowsky²,

Etzel³

et al. 2016

Pediatrics

134

148

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This is the fi rst clinical practice guideline from the American Academy of Pediatrics that specifi cally applies to patients who have experienced an apparent life-threatening event (ALTE). This clinical practice guideline has 3 objectives. First, it recommends the replacement of the term ALTE with a new term, brief resolved unexplained event (BRUE). Second, it provides an approach to patient evaluation that is based on the risk that the infant will have a repeat event or has a serious underlying disorder. Finally, it provides management recommendations, or key action statements, for lower-risk infants. The term BRUE is defi ned as an event occurring in an infant younger than 1 year when the observer reports a sudden, brief, and now resolved episode of ≥1 of the following: (1) cyanosis or pallor; (2) absent, decreased, or irregular breathing; (3) marked change in tone (hyper-or hypotonia); and (4) altered level of responsiveness. A BRUE is diagnosed only when there is no explanation for a qualifying event after conducting an appropriate history and physical examination. By using this defi nition and framework, infants younger than 1 year who present with a BRUE are categorized either as (1) a lower-risk patient on the basis of history and physical examination for whom evidence-based recommendations for evaluation and management are offered or (2) a higher-risk patient whose history and physical examination suggest the need for further investigation and treatment but for whom recommendations are not offered. This clinical practice guideline is intended to foster a patient-and family-centered approach to care, reduce unnecessary and costly medical interventions, improve patient outcomes, support implementation, and provide direction for future research. Each key action statement indicates a level of evidence, the benefi t-harm relationship, and the strength of recommendation.

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Section: Patient Factors That Determine a Lower Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brief Resolved Unexplained Events (Formerly Apparent Life-Threatening Events) and Evaluation of Lower-Risk Infants

Tieder¹,

Bonkowsky²,

Etzel³

et al. 2016

Pediatrics

134

148

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Recently, it has also been revealed that casein-derived opioid peptides are present in the urine of autistic and schizophrenic subjects, but not of controls (44,45). It has been suggested that increased blood levels of bBCM7, in conjunction with lower activity of dipeptidylpeptidase IV (DPPIV), the enzyme responsible for its hydrolysis, may be associated with apnea in sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) (45), reflecting µ-receptormediated respiratory depression. The current study supports previous results indicating the biochemical effects of the food-derived peptides specifically on the µ-opioid receptor.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food-derived opioid peptides inhibit cysteine uptake with redox and epigenetic consequences

Trivedi

Shah

Al-Mughairy

et al. 2014

The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry

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Dietary interventions like gluten-free and casein-free diets have been reported to improve intestinal, autoimmune and neurological symptoms in patients with a variety of conditions; however, the underlying mechanism of benefit for such diets remains unclear. Epigenetic programming, including CpG methylation and histone modifications, occurring during early postnatal development can influence the risk of disease in later life, and such programming may be modulated by nutritional factors such as milk and wheat, especially during the transition from a solely milk-based diet to one that includes other forms of nutrition. The hydrolytic digestion of casein (a major milk protein) and gliadin (a wheat-derived protein) releases peptides with opioid activity, and in the present study, we demonstrate that these food-derived proline-rich opioid peptides modulate cysteine uptake in cultured human neuronal and gastrointestinal (GI) epithelial cells via activation of opioid receptors. Decreases in cysteine uptake were associated with changes in the intracellular antioxidant glutathione and the methyl donor S-adenosylmethionine. Bovine and human casein-derived opioid peptides increased genome-wide DNA methylation in the transcription start site region with a potency order similar to their inhibition of cysteine uptake. Altered expression of genes involved in redox and methylation homeostasis was also observed. These results illustrate the potential of milk- and wheat-derived peptides to exert antioxidant and epigenetic changes which may be particularly important during the postnatal transition from placental to GI nutrition. Differences between peptides derived from human and bovine milk may contribute to developmental differences between breastfed and formula-fed infants. Restricted antioxidant capacity, caused by wheat- and milk-derived opioid peptides, may predispose susceptible individuals to inflammation and systemic oxidation, partly explaining the benefits of gluten-free or casein-free diets.

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“…The photometric method was used as described by Wasilewska et al. (). The calculations were made after adjusting the measurements with the blank; the enzyme activity was calculated as: 100 × ( E − C )/ S (where E , C, and S stand for the absorbance of the test, control, and standard samples, respectively).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of endurance exercise on intestinal integrity in well‐trained healthy men

JanssenDuijghuijsen

Mensink

Lenaerts

et al. 2016

Physiological Reports

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Exercise is one of the external factors associated with impairment of intestinal integrity, possibly leading to increased permeability and altered absorption. Here, we aimed to examine to what extent endurance exercise in the glycogen‐depleted state can affect intestinal permeability toward small molecules and protein‐derived peptides in relation to markers of intestinal function. Eleven well‐trained male volunteers (27 ± 4 years) ingested 40 g of casein protein and a lactulose/rhamnose (L/R) solution after an overnight fast in resting conditions (control) and after completing a dual – glycogen depletion and endurance – exercise protocol (first protocol execution). The entire procedure was repeated 1 week later (second protocol execution). Intestinal permeability was measured as L/R ratio in 5 h urine and 1 h plasma. Five‐hour urine excretion of betacasomorphin‐7 (BCM7), postprandial plasma amino acid levels, plasma fatty acid binding protein 2 (FABP‐2), serum pre‐haptoglobin 2 (preHP2), plasma glucagon‐like peptide 2 (GLP2), serum calprotectin, and dipeptidylpeptidase‐4 (DPP4) activity were studied as markers for excretion, intestinal functioning and recovery, inflammation, and BCM7 breakdown activity, respectively. BCM7 levels in urine were increased following the dual exercise protocol, in the first as well as the second protocol execution, whereas 1 h‐plasma L/R ratio was increased only following the first exercise protocol execution. FABP2, preHP2, and GLP2 were not changed after exercise, whereas calprotectin increased. Plasma citrulline levels following casein ingestion (iAUC) did not increase after exercise, as opposed to resting conditions. Endurance exercise in the glycogen depleted state resulted in a clear increase of BCM7 accumulation in urine, independent of DPP4 activity and intestinal permeability. Therefore, strenuous exercise could have an effect on the amount of food‐derived bioactive peptides crossing the epithelial barrier. The health consequence of increased passage needs more in depth studies.

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The exogenous opioid peptides and DPPIV serum activity in infants with apnoea expressed as apparent life threatening events (ALTE)

Cited by 56 publications

References 49 publications

Brief Resolved Unexplained Events (Formerly Apparent Life-Threatening Events) and Evaluation of Lower-Risk Infants

Brief Resolved Unexplained Events (Formerly Apparent Life-Threatening Events) and Evaluation of Lower-Risk Infants

Food-derived opioid peptides inhibit cysteine uptake with redox and epigenetic consequences

The effect of endurance exercise on intestinal integrity in well‐trained healthy men

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