The Excursion

Todd, Ruby

doi:10.21153/cinder2018art766

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Statutes or Acts of Parliament have their titles, short and long, the year of enactment and chapter number. Statutes have; a preamble which sets out its principal object and helps in construing and construction of the Act; marginal notes at the sides of the page purporting effect of the sections summarily and may help in interpretation of the section but they are not considered part of the statute nor inserted by the Parliament or its authority but for the purpose of convenience in understanding; schedules are very part of the enactment and may be used in construing and constructing the Act and vice versa that is to say that schedules are interpreted in the light and ambit of the Act; and punctuation is not regarded in construction of a statute since old English statutes generally had no punctuations which were later punctuated by printers as aid to the understanding and correct reading of the text (Todd, 1953).…”

Section: Statutes and Interpretation Of Statutesmentioning

confidence: 99%

https://jdss.org.pk/issue/1/3

Abad¹

2020

JDSS

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This article is based on doctrinal methodology studying the principles of interpretation in wider scope. Interpretation whether of a statute, a word or a phrase, is of great significance to reach a conclusion with regard to its meanings and the intent of the originator. It is a very important area of academia having numerous principles for construing and constructing a given word, statement or a law. There are appropriate principles of interpretation in different fields including law.It has been observed through comparative study of interpretation of statutes with general interpretation and its principles laid down in the Holy Qur'an that they both lead to the same destination. The principles laid down in both the areas are similar and better described in the holy Book. The principles of interpretation of statutes devised over centuries in their excellence conform to the fundamental principles laid down in the Qur'an. A scholar may be benefited multiply by consulting the two together or parallel. The principles of interpretation of statutes humanly devised, when studied in comparison academically with the principles of interpretation laid down in Al' Qur'an, benefit reciprocally both the scholars.

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Section: Statutes and Interpretation Of Statutesmentioning

confidence: 99%

https://jdss.org.pk/issue/1/3

Abad¹

2020

JDSS

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“…The minimum wavelength, λmin, is constrained by the limit of shortwave radiation to interact with DNA to cause a mutation or dissociation (thereby limiting Echem). This threshold occurs near λmin = 200 nm, where radiation is capable of interacting with DNA molecules (Buccino et al 2006;Rimmer et al 2018;Todd et al 2018). Radiation at shorter wavelengths than λmin may therefore be unusable, and even detrimental, to life.…”

Section: Biologically Available Energymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Radiation at shorter wavelengths than λmin may therefore be unusable, and even detrimental, to life. Conversely, ultraviolet radiation at λmin and longer wavelengths can benefit life by driving genetic mutations and perhaps even by contributing to abiogenesis (Rugheimer et al 2015;Sasselov 2016, 2017;Rimmer et al 2018;Todd et al 2018). The timing of geologic events, such as the accumulation of atmospheric oxygen (Catling et al 2005;Falkowski and Godfrey 2008), may also be affected by atmospheric photochemical reactions (i.e, changes in Echem) with rates that depend upon photons at wavelengths greater than λmin.…”

Section: Biologically Available Energymentioning

confidence: 99%

Does the Evolution of Complex Life Depend on the Stellar Spectral Energy Distribution?

Haqq-Misra

2019

Astrobiology

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This paper presents the proportional evolutionary time hypothesis, which posits that the mean time required for the evolution of complex life is a function of stellar mass. The "biological available window" is defined as the region of a stellar spectrum between 200 to 1200 nm that generates free energy for life. Over the ∼4 Gyr history of Earth, the total energy incident at the top of the atmosphere and within the biological available window is ∼ 10 34 J. The hypothesis assumes that the rate of evolution from the origin of life to complex life is proportional to this total energy, which would suggest that planets orbiting other stars should not show signs of complex life if the total energy incident on the planet is below this energy threshold. The proportional evolutionary time hypothesis predicts that late K-and M-dwarf stars (M < 0.7 M⊙) are too young to host any complex life at the present age of the universe. F-, G-, and early K-dwarf stars (M > 0.7 M⊙) represent the best targets for the next generation of space telescopes to search for spectroscopic biosignatures indicative of complex life. 1.

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The Excursion

Abstract: FEATURED FICTION

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

https://jdss.org.pk/issue/1/3

https://jdss.org.pk/issue/1/3

Does the Evolution of Complex Life Depend on the Stellar Spectral Energy Distribution?

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