The Evolution of Wide-Area DInSAR: From Regional and National Services to the European Ground Motion Service

Crosetto, Michele; Solari, Lorenzo; Mróz, M.; Balasis-Levinsen, Joanna; Casagli, Nicola; Frei, Michaela; Oyen, A.; Moldestad, Dag Anders; Bateson, Luke; Guerrieri, Luca; Comerci, Valerio; Andersen, Hans Skifter

doi:10.3390/rs12122043

Cited by 124 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…All Sentinel-1 imagery is acquired within a narrow orbital tube, maximizing interferometric coherence. To exploit Sentinel-1 data, a European Ground Motion Service (EU-GMS) is under development, by the European Environment Agency (https://land.copernicus.eu/user-corner/tech nical-library/european-ground-motion-service), to provide consistent, regular, standardised, harmonised and reliable information on ground motion over Europe and across national borders, with millimetre accuracy (Crosetto et al, 2020). The ground motion results will be derived from time series analyses of Sentinel-1 data, most likely using different PS and DS InSAR approaches.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Benchmarking and inter-comparison of Sentinel-1 InSAR velocities and time series

Sadeghi

Wright

Hooper

et al. 2021

Remote Sensing of Environment

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Different InSAR algorithms and methods produce velocities and times series that are not identical, even using the same data for the same area. This inconsistency can cause confusion and be a barrier to uptake and widespread use of the data in the commercial sector. With the widespread availability of Sentinel-1 SAR data and a suite of new algorithms in the commercial and academic sectors, it is timely to develop a method for comparison of different results. In this study, we focus on developing and testing an independent and robust methodology for assessment of different InSAR processing results. Our proposed method is adapted from the Terrafirma Process Validation project; we compare geocoded line-of-sight velocities and time series, density and coverage, as well as some qualitative metrics. We use Sentinel-1 data from an area in Glasgow (UK) processed using 4 different approaches modified RapidSAR, SqueeSAR, GAMMA-IPTA and conventional StaMPS. The main areas of ground motion are detected using all approaches, with the average standard deviation of velocity differences for all intercomparison pairs in all polygons equal to 1.1 mm/yr. Sentinel-1 InSAR therefore provides comparable results that are independent of processing approaches. However, there are considerable differences in some aspects of the results, in particular in their density and coverage. We discuss the reasons for these differences and suggest a framework for validation that could be used in future national or pan-national ground motion services.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Benchmarking and inter-comparison of Sentinel-1 InSAR velocities and time series

Sadeghi

Wright

Hooper

et al. 2021

Remote Sensing of Environment

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“…The C-band Sentinel-1 constellation launched by the European Space Agency (ESA) in 2014 and 2016 has been able to provide frequent and abundant data globally and freely (Potin et al 2019). Several public nationwide deformation monitoring services using Sentinel-1 data are in operation or planned in Denmark, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, and Norway (Crosetto et al 2020), as well as commercial services for Denmark, Japan, France, and California in the USA (Bischoff et al 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nationwide urban ground deformation monitoring in Japan using Sentinel-1 LiCSAR products and LiCSBAS

Morishita

2021

Prog Earth Planet Sci

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Ground subsidence in urban areas is a significant problem because it increases flood risk, damages buildings and infrastructure, and results in economic loss. Continual monitoring of ground deformation is important for early detection, mechanism understanding, countermeasure implementation, and deformation prediction. The Sentinel-1 satellite constellation has globally and freely provided frequent and abundant SAR data and enabled nationwide deformation monitoring through InSAR time series analysis. LiCSAR, an automatic Sentinel-1 interferometric processing system, has produced abundant interferograms with global coverage, and the products are freely accessible and downloadable through a web portal. LiCSBAS, an open source InSAR time series analysis package integrated with LiCSAR, enables users to obtain the deformation time series easily and quickly. In this study, spatially and temporally detailed deformation time series and velocities from the LiCSAR products using LiCSBAS for 73 major urban areas in Japan during 2014–2020 were derived. All LiCSBAS processing was automatically performed using predefined parameters. Many deformation signals with various temporal and spatial features, such as linear subsidence in Hirosaki, Kujyukuri, Niigata, and Kanazawa, episodic subsidence in Sanjo, annual vertical fluctuation in Hirosaki, Yamagata, Yonezawa, Ojiya, and Nogi, and linear uplift in Chofu were detected. Unknown small nonlinear uplift signals were found in Nara and Osaka in 2018. Complex postseismic deformations from the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake were also revealed. All the deformation data obtained in this study are available on an open repository and are expected to be used for further research, investigation, or interpretation. This nationwide monitoring approach using the LiCSAR products and LiCSBAS is easy to implement and applicable to other areas worldwide.

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“…Recently, InSAR-based ground deformation monitoring systems have been set up and planned across an entire country (e.g., Norway [18], Germany [19], The Netherlands [20], Denmark [21], Italy [22,23]) or even a continent (e.g., Europe [24,25]). The main purpose of these systems has been to distribute InSAR-derived deformation products, but the interpretation of observed deformations was left largely to the users of these platforms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Countrywide Monitoring of Ground Deformation Using InSAR Time Series: A Case Study from Qatar

et al. 2021

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Over the past few decades the country of Qatar has been one of the fastest growing economies in the Middle East; it has witnessed a rapid increase in its population, growth of its urban centers, and development of its natural resources. These anthropogenic activities compounded with natural forcings (e.g., climate change) will most likely introduce environmental effects that should be assessed. In this manuscript, we identify and assess one of these effects, namely, ground deformation over the entire country of Qatar. We use the Small Baseline Subset (SBAS) InSAR time series approach in conjunction with ALOS Palsar-1 (Jan. 2007 to Mar. 2011) and Sentinel-1 (Mar. 2017 to Dec. 2019) synthetic aperture radar (SAR) datasets to assess ground deformation and conduct spatial and temporal correlations between the observed deformation with relevant datasets to identify the controlling factors. The findings indicate: (1) the deformation products revealed areas of subsidence and uplift with high vertical velocities of up to 35 mm/yr; (2) the deformation rates were consistent with those extracted from the continuously operating reference GPS stations of Qatar; (3) many inland and coastal sabkhas (salt flats) showed evidence for uplift (up to 35 mm/yr) due to the continuous evaporation of the saline waters within the sabkhas and the deposition of the evaporites in the surficial and near-surficial sabkha sediments; (4) the increased precipitation during Sentinel-1 period compared to the ALOS Palsar-1 period led to a rise in groundwater levels and an increase in the areas occupied by surface water within the sabkhas, which in turn increased the rate of deposition of the evaporitic sediments; (5) high subsidence rates (up to 14 mm/yr) were detected over landfills and dumpsites, caused by mechanical compaction and biochemical processes; and (6) the deformation rates over areas surrounding known sinkhole locations were low (+/−2 mm/yr). We suggest that this study can pave the way to similar countrywide studies over the remaining Arabian Peninsula countries and to the development of a ground motion monitoring system for the entire Arabian Peninsula.

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The Evolution of Wide-Area DInSAR: From Regional and National Services to the European Ground Motion Service

Cited by 124 publications

References 40 publications

Benchmarking and inter-comparison of Sentinel-1 InSAR velocities and time series

Benchmarking and inter-comparison of Sentinel-1 InSAR velocities and time series

Nationwide urban ground deformation monitoring in Japan using Sentinel-1 LiCSAR products and LiCSBAS

Countrywide Monitoring of Ground Deformation Using InSAR Time Series: A Case Study from Qatar

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