The Evolution of Virulence in a Plant Virus

Escriu, Fernando; Fraile, Aurora; García‐Arenal, Fernando

doi:10.1554/0014-3820(2003)057[0755:teovia]2.0.co;2

Cited by 27 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Simian immunodeficiency virus SIVmac239 infects both the sooty mangabey and the rhesus macaque, reaching high viral loads in both hosts, yet it is only virulent for the rhesus macaque [36]. Deviations of a positive correlation between viral fitness and virulence were observed also in the plant viruses cucumber mosaic virus [37] and barley stripe mosaic virus [38]. A study of the effect of lysis timing on bacteriophage fitness revealed that a strain with an intermediate lysis time had the highest fitness [39].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Basis for a Lack of Correlation between Viral Fitness and Cell Killing Capacity

et al. 2007

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The relationship between parasite fitness and virulence has been the object of experimental and theoretical studies often with conflicting conclusions. Here, we provide direct experimental evidence that viral fitness and virulence, both measured in the same biological environment provided by host cells in culture, can be two unrelated traits. A biological clone of foot-and-mouth disease virus acquired high fitness and virulence (cell killing capacity) upon large population passages in cell culture. However, subsequent plaque-to-plaque transfers resulted in profound fitness loss, but only a minimal decrease of virulence. While fitness-decreasing mutations have been mapped throughout the genome, virulence determinants—studied here with mutant and chimeric viruses—were multigenic, but concentrated on some genomic regions. Therefore, we propose a model in which viral virulence is more robust to mutation than viral fitness. As a consequence, depending on the passage regime, viral fitness and virulence can follow different evolutionary trajectories. This lack of correlation is relevant to current models of attenuation and virulence in that virus de-adaptation need not entail a decrease of virulence.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Basis for a Lack of Correlation between Viral Fitness and Cell Killing Capacity

et al. 2007

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“…Data in Table 2 suggest that so far the more important causes of the emergence of viral diseases in this area have been pathogen introduction and changes in vector populations. The case of tomato necrosis (Table 2) has been extensively studied (Jordá et al, 1992;Alonso-Prados et al, 1997;Escríu et al, 2000aEscríu et al, , 2003García-Arenal et al, 2000). This disease is caused by Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) plus satellite RNAs.…”

Section: Is Climate Change Having An Impact On the Spread Of Plant VImentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CMV is endemic in horticultural crops in Spain. During the 1980s, satellite RNAs spread epidemically in CMV populations causing tomato necrosis (Jordá et al, 1992;Alonso-Prados et al, 1997;García-Arenal et al, 2000), aphid transmission being a critical factor (Escríu et al, 2000b(Escríu et al, , 2003. Coincidentally, mild winters were associated with changes in vector populations in southeastern Spain during the same period (Jordá et al, 1992).…”

Section: Is Climate Change Having An Impact On the Spread Of Plant VImentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate change effects on physiology and population processes of hosts and vectors that influence the spread of hemipteran‐borne plant viruses

Canto

Aranda

Fereres

2009

Global Change Biology

147

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Plant virus diseases constitute one of the limiting factors to the productivity of agriculture. Changes in host plants and insect vector populations that might result from climate change (their geographical distribution range, their densities, migration potential and phenology) could affect the spread of plant viruses. At the individual level, alterations in plant physiological processes that are relevant to their molecular interactions with viruses, like changes in metabolism, leaf temperature, and their effects on some processes, like the temperature-sensitive antiviral resistance based in RNA silencing, can also influence the ability of individual plants to control viral infections. In order to assess the impact that climate change may have on the incidence and spread of hemipteran-borne plant viruses, its potential effects on virus/plant interactions and hemipteran insect vectors, as well as other operating processes, which could exacerbate or mitigate them, are identified and analyzed in this review.

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“…Data that indicate selection of virulence in Beet curly top virus (BCTV) and Rice grassy stunt virus have been reported [38]. The evolution of virulence in populations of CMV and its satRNA depend on trade-offs between increased virulence and decreased transmissibility; consequently, not only the size, but also the evolution, of the virus population depends on the population dynamics of the aphid vectors [19,20,21]. Because of their effect on the fitness of the host plant, viruses can determine the size and/or the genetic composition of plant populations, which in turn could affect virus evolution.…”

Section: Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation and evolution of plant virus populations

García‐Arenal

Fraile

Malpica

2003

International Microbiology

Self Cite

183

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Over the last 15 years, interest in plant virus evolution has re-emerged, as shown by the increasing number of papers published on this subject. In recent times, research in plant virus evolution has been viewed from a molecular, rather than populational, standpoint, and there is a need for work aimed at understanding the processes involved in plant virus evolution. However, accumulated data from analyses of experimental and natural populations of plant viruses are beginning to delineate some trends that often run contrary to accepted opinion: (1) high mutation rates are not necessarily adaptive, as a large fraction of the mutations are deleterious or lethal; (2) in spite of high potential for genetic variation, populations of plant viruses are not highly variable, and genetic stability is the rule rather than the exception; (3) the degree of constriction of genetic variation in virus-encoded proteins is similar to that in their eukaryotic hosts and vectors; and (4) in spite of huge census sizes of plant virus populations, selection is not the sole factor that shapes their evolution, and genetic drift may be important. Here, we review recent advances in understanding plant virus evolution, and describe the experimental and analytical methods most suited to this purpose.

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The Evolution of Virulence in a Plant Virus

Cited by 27 publications

References 43 publications

Molecular Basis for a Lack of Correlation between Viral Fitness and Cell Killing Capacity

Molecular Basis for a Lack of Correlation between Viral Fitness and Cell Killing Capacity

Climate change effects on physiology and population processes of hosts and vectors that influence the spread of hemipteran‐borne plant viruses

Variation and evolution of plant virus populations

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