The evolution of research and development cooperation in dynamically interorganizational project networks: Effects of reference‐point‐based expectations

Abstract

Considering the coevolution of interorganizational project and social networks, this study examines the evolution of research and development (R&D) cooperation by simulating the play of an appropriate game model. We assume that decision‐makers are aggressive or prudent in terms of expectations. The results show that the effects of expectation type and heterogeneity on cooperation evolution depend on the project scale. Aggressive decision‐makers are more sensitive to free‐riding behaviors than prudent decision‐makers. The effect of supervision on cooperation is contingent on decision‐makers' expectations. Finally, the study develops suggestions for the governance of interorganizational R&D cooperation.