The Evolution of Radiation Therapy in Treating Cancer

Abshire, Dorothy; Lang, Matthew K.

doi:10.1016/j.soncn.2018.03.006

Cited by 90 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 22 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The next category are lesions distant from the irradiation site, related to the effects of stress at the irradiation site propagated on distant parts of the body by the immune system. The destructive effect of radiation on normal cells is observed directly after radiation in the surrounding tissues and can be shifted in time, even up to several years after eradication of the tumor [9][10][11].…”

Section: Of 19mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Regulation of DNA Damage Response and Homologous Recombination Repair by microRNA in Human Cells Exposed to Ionizing Radiation

Szatkowska

Krupa

2020

Cancers

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ionizing radiation may be of both artificial and natural origin and causes cellular damage in living organisms. Radioactive isotopes have been used significantly in cancer therapy for many years. The formation of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) is the most dangerous effect of ionizing radiation on the cellular level. After irradiation, cells activate a DNA damage response, the molecular path that determines the fate of the cell. As an important element of this, homologous recombination repair is a crucial pathway for the error-free repair of DNA lesions. All components of DNA damage response are regulated by specific microRNAs. MicroRNAs are single-stranded short noncoding RNAs of 20–25 nt in length. They are directly involved in the regulation of gene expression by repressing translation or by cleaving target mRNA. In the present review, we analyze the biological mechanisms by which miRNAs regulate cell response to ionizing radiation-induced double-stranded breaks with an emphasis on DNA repair by homologous recombination, and its main component, the RAD51 recombinase. On the other hand, we discuss the ability of DNA damage response proteins to launch particular miRNA expression and modulate the course of this process. A full understanding of cell response processes to radiation-induced DNA damage will allow us to develop new and more effective methods of ionizing radiation therapy for cancers, and may help to develop methods for preventing the harmful effects of ionizing radiation on healthy organisms.

show abstract

Section: Of 19mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Particle radiation uses electron, proton and neutron beams to fight cancer. Although the majority of cancers are characterized by medium or high sensitivity to radiation therapy, those whose sensitivity is low are still a great challenge for oncologists and require the development of individualized targeted treatment methods [9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of DNA Damage Response and Homologous Recombination Repair by microRNA in Human Cells Exposed to Ionizing Radiation

Szatkowska

Krupa

2020

Cancers

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Radiotherapy is one of the primary treatment modalities (5), constituting a part of the current standard of care (6). However, glioblastomas are intrinsically resistant to radiotherapy (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15) due to increased ROS resistance mediated by mechanisms not currently understood (13,14,(16)(17)(18).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeting Energy Metabolism to Overcome Therapeutic Resistance of Glioblastoma and Tumor-associated Edema

Dasgupta

Hirota

Fujii

et al. 2021

Gliomas

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The broad use of RT as standard treatment option in the therapy of solid human tumors is based on its ability to damage cellular macromolecules, particularly DNA double strand breaks (DSB) thereby effectively inducing growth arrest, and cell death in irradiated tumor cells [ 4 ]. However, high intrinsic, microenvironment-mediated, and adaptive radioresistance of solid human tumors, remain major obstacles to successful RT.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oncometabolites and the response to radiotherapy

2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Radiotherapy (RT) is applied in 45-60% of all cancer patients either alone or in multimodal therapy concepts comprising surgery, RT and chemotherapy. However, despite technical innovations approximately only 50% are cured, highlight a high medical need for innovation in RT practice. RT is a multidisciplinary treatment involving medicine and physics, but has always been successful in integrating emerging novel concepts from cancer and radiation biology for improving therapy outcome. Currently, substantial improvements are expected from integration of precision medicine approaches into RT concepts. Altered metabolism is an important feature of cancer cells and a driving force for malignant progression. Proper metabolic processes are essential to maintain and drive all energy-demanding cellular processes, e.g. repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). Consequently, metabolic bottlenecks might allow therapeutic intervention in cancer patients. Increasing evidence now indicates that oncogenic activation of metabolic enzymes, oncogenic activities of mutated metabolic enzymes, or adverse conditions in the tumor microenvironment can result in abnormal production of metabolites promoting cancer progression, e.g. 2-hyroxyglutarate (2-HG), succinate and fumarate, respectively. Interestingly, these so-called "oncometabolites" not only modulate cell signaling but also impact the response of cancer cells to chemotherapy and RT, presumably by epigenetic modulation of DNA repair. Here we aimed to introduce the biological basis of oncometabolite production and of their actions on epigenetic regulation of DNA repair. Furthermore, the review will highlight innovative therapeutic opportunities arising from the interaction of oncometabolites with DNA repair regulation for specifically enhancing the therapeutic effects of genotoxic treatments including RT in cancer patients.

show abstract

The Evolution of Radiation Therapy in Treating Cancer

Cited by 90 publications

References 22 publications

Regulation of DNA Damage Response and Homologous Recombination Repair by microRNA in Human Cells Exposed to Ionizing Radiation

Regulation of DNA Damage Response and Homologous Recombination Repair by microRNA in Human Cells Exposed to Ionizing Radiation

Targeting Energy Metabolism to Overcome Therapeutic Resistance of Glioblastoma and Tumor-associated Edema

Oncometabolites and the response to radiotherapy

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About