The Evolution of Public Finances During Economic Development

Thorn, Richard S.

doi:10.1111/j.1467-9957.1967.tb01204.x

Cited by 27 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Functional forms are rather diverse, but bivariant versions with variables in logarithms are more predominant. Included among these works are Martin and Lewis (1956), Williamson (1961), Thorn (1967), Gupta (1967), Musgrave (1970), Gandhi (1971), Goffman and Mahar (1971), Abizadeh and Gray (1985), Ram (1987), Tim (1961), Andic and Veverka (1964) and Bird (1971).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wagner's law: A Revision and a New Empirical Estimation

Jaén-García¹

2018

HPE-RPE

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This study conducts an analysis of the various theoretical and practical problems related to Wagner's Law on the growth in public spending. As a contribution, and with the intention of offering a new perspective in considering this principle, this paper puts Wagner´s Law to the test for the first time using public employment as a measure of public spending, which is in line with recommendations by Peacock and Scott (2000). In the empirical contrast we use unit root techniques and cointegration with structural breakpoints. The result obtained leads us to reject the law for Spain based on the belief that there are variables other than that GDP which influence public spending growth.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wagner's law: A Revision and a New Empirical Estimation

Jaén-García¹

2018

HPE-RPE

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“…There is already a large volume of the literature that has widely acknowledged that increase in the population of a country has a positive influence on the size of government expenditure. For instance, Thorn (1972) showed that the rapidity of increase in urbanization and life expectancy is possible underlying explanation for public sector expansion. Epifani and Gancia (2009), Okafor and Eiya (2011), Aregbeyen and Akpan (2013) and Obeng and Sakyi (2017) revealed that increase in population contributes immensely in public sector expansion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Panel data comparative analysis on the influence of population age structure on the size of government expenditure in Africa and Asia

Azolibe

2020

IJOEM

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PurposeAfrica and Asia are the two most populous continents in the world and are projected to increase further in the near future and this puts the governments under great stress in terms of increased public expenditure and dealing with a low revenue generation. Thus, the purpose of this study is to assess the influence of population age structure on the size of government expenditure in Africa and Asia covering the period 1990–2018.Design/methodology/approachThe study employed panel fully modified ordinary least squares (FMOLS) estimation in estimating the relevant relationship between the variables in the model.FindingsThe key findings revealed that the major population age structures that influence the size of government expenditure in Africa are population aged 0–14 years and population aged 15–64 years, while that of Asia are population aged 15–64 years and population aged 65 years and above. The findings provided strong support for the Population Reference Bureau report (2019) that countries in Africa are home to some of the world's youngest population, that is, those aged 15 years or below, while Asia is home to some of the world's oldest population, that is, those aged 65 years and above.Research limitations/implicationsWhile generalized method of moments (GMM) estimation is beneficial in the presence of endogeneity, it is only designed for situations with a small time period (T) and a large number of cross sections (N). Hence, the estimation technique was limited only to FMOLS as the number of the cross sections or countries which is ten for Africa and ten for Asia is lower than the time period which is 29 years (1990–2018).Originality/valueEmpirical literature investigating the influence of population age structure on the size of government expenditure has focussed mainly on one aspect of the population age structure and government expenditure, which is the influence of ageing population on government expenditure on health. Hence, this study focussed on assessing the influence of population age structure on the size of government expenditure. The study is unique as it compared the two most populous continents in the world, which are Africa and Asia to determine which of the population age structures have the most significant influence on the size of government expenditure.

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“…Günümüz iktisadi koşullarında gerek gelişmiş ve gerekse gelişmekte olan ülkeler açısından bir ekonomik sistemin vergisel kapasitesini, vergi yükünü ve/veya vergi gayretini belirleyen pek çok bileşenin varlığından söz edilebilir. Bunlar içerisinde özellikle vergi sisteminin yapısı, vergi idaresinin etkinliği, kayıt dışı ekonominin varlığı, sosyal, ekonomik ve siyasi amaçlarla yapılan vergi harcamaları ve mükelleflerin vergiye gönüllü uyumu gibi hususlar ön plana çıkmaktadır1 (Thorn, 1967;Berksoy, 1984;Nadaroğlu, 1978;Uluatam, 1997;Çelikkaya, 2002;Berksoy & Demir, 2004;Ferhatoğlu, 2005;Çelikkaya, 2013;Akbey, 2014). Mali sistemin vergi performansı ise fiilen toplanan vergi hasılatı ile vergi kapasitesinin, yani potansiyel hasılatın karşılaştırılması sonrasında belirlenebilir.…”

Section: Literatür İncelemesiunclassified

Milli Gelirin Vergi Yükü Üzerindeki Etkileri: ARDL Sınır Testi Yaklaşımı ile Türkiye Üzerine Bir İnceleme (1924-2014)

Çelikay

2017

Sosyoekonomi

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The purpose of this study is to determine how the changes in GDP per capita, which is an indicator of economic development, affect the tax burden in the short and long term in Turkey. In this context, the study utilises data about GDP per capita and tax burden from 1924 to 2014 and employs the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bounds testing approach. Although many studies in the literature has been reached that there is a positive relationship between these variables, this study shows this interaction occurs only in the long term. In fact, the research finds a 1% increase in GDP per capita will bring about a 0.07% increase in tax burden in the long run. For short term there is a negative relationship between these variables but it is not statistically significant. Keywords: Tax Potential, Tax Burden, ARDL-Error Correction Model, Tax Policy, Economic Growth.JEL Classification Codes : H11, H20, H21, H24, H29. ÖzBu çalışmanın amacı, iktisadi gelişmişliğin bir göstergesi niteliğindeki kişi başına düşen GSYİH'da meydana gelecek değişikliklerin kısa ve uzun dönemde vergi yükü üzerinde ne gibi etkileri olacağını Türkiye özelinde saptayabilmektir. Bu bağlamda 1924-2014 zaman aralığında kişi başına düşen GSYİH ve vergi yükü değişkenleri esas alınarak ARDL sınır testi yaklaşımından yararlanılmıştır. Literatürde yer alan pek çok çalışmada değişkenler arasında pozitif yönlü bir ilişki olduğu bulgusuna ulaşılmışsa da çalışma sonucunda bu etkileşimin ancak uzun dönemde ortaya çıktığı tespit edilmiştir. Nitekim kişi başına düşen GSYİH'da meydana gelecek %1'lik bir artış uzun dönemde vergi yükü üzerinde yaklaşık %0,07 düzeyinde pozitif yönlü bir etki meydana getirmektedir. Kısa dönemde ise istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı olmamakla birlikte bu etkileşim ters yönlüdür.

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The Evolution of Public Finances During Economic Development

Cited by 27 publications

References 13 publications

Wagner's law: A Revision and a New Empirical Estimation

Wagner's law: A Revision and a New Empirical Estimation

Panel data comparative analysis on the influence of population age structure on the size of government expenditure in Africa and Asia

Milli Gelirin Vergi Yükü Üzerindeki Etkileri: ARDL Sınır Testi Yaklaşımı ile Türkiye Üzerine Bir İnceleme (1924-2014)

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