The Evolution of La Grande Découverte (La Soufrière) Volcano, Guadeloupe (F.W.I.)

Boudon, Georges; Semet, Michel P.; Vincent, Pierre

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-73759-6_5

Cited by 24 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…All 10 selected deposits exhibit features associated with surge deposits and similar granulometric features, and have low aspect ratios. One conspicuous characteristic is the presence of coarse-grained beds, ranging from ash to bombs (usually centimeterdecimeter), as is the case of Augustine , Soufrière (Boudon et al, 1989), Mt. St. Helens (Druitt, 1992) and Arenal (present work).…”

Section: Comparison With Known Casesmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…St. Helens (Kieffer, 1981;Fisher et al, 1987) have to date been documented in association with avalanches only at Bezymianny (Gorshkov, 1959;Belousov, 1996), and possibly at Taunshits volcano in Kamchatka (Melekestsev et al, 1990), Guagua Pichincha volcano in Ecuador (Barberi et al, 1992) and Popocatépetl in Mexico (Siebe et al, 1995). Smaller directed blasts have been described at Lassen Peak (Eppler, 1987;Eppler and Malin, 1989), Soufrière (Boudon et al, 1989), Mt. Pelée (Fisher and Heiken, 1982;Smith and Roobol, 1990), Mt.…”

Section: Comparison With Known Casesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The 1968 andesitic lateral blast eruption at Arenal volcano, Costa Rica

Alvarado

Soto

Schmincke

et al. 2006

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

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The magmatic andesitic eruption of Arenal volcano on July 29-31, 1968, after centuries of dormancy, produced three new fissural craters (A, B and C) on its western flank and a multilayered pyroclastic deposit emplaced by complex transport mechanisms. The explosions were initially triggered by a volatile oversaturated (4-7 wt.% H 2 O) magma. Several lines of evidences suggest a small blast surge, where a wood-rich pyroclastic deposit was emplaced as a ground layer, followed by several units of coarse-grained (Md Φ between −0.65 and −5.40) tephra deposits (LU: lapilli units, DAU: double ash units). LU-1, -2, -3, DAU-1 and -2 consist of unconsolidated and well-to poorly sorted vesiculated bombs and lapilli of andesite, some blocks, ash and shredded wood. The individual units are possibly correlated with the major explosions of July 29. The thickness of the deposits decreases with the distance from the volcano from 5.6 m to a few centimeters. On average, 90% of the components are juvenile (10% dense andesite and 90% vesicular). These coarse-grained beds were deposited in rapid succession by a complex transport process, involving normal fallout, strong ballistic trajectories with a lateral hot (∼400°C) blast surge (LU, equivalent to A 1 ). Ballistic and coarse tephra sprayed in a narrow (85°) area within about 5.5 km from the lowest crater, and a high (ca. 10 km) eruption column dispersed airfall fine lapilli-ash > 100 km from the volcano. Ashcloud forming explosions, producing thin pyroclastic surge and muddy phreatomagmatic fallout deposits (FLAU, equivalent to A 2 and A 3 ), closed the blast surge sequence. The successive explosions on July 30-31 mainly produced block and ash flows, and widely dispersed ash fall. The total volume of pyroclastic material is calculated as 25.8 ± 5.5 × 10 6 m 3 (9.4 ± 2.0 × 10 6 m 3 DRE). A model is proposed to explain the peculiarities of the formation, transportation and emplacement of the blast deposits. The intrusion of the presumed andesitic cryptodome possibly happened through an active thrust fault, favoring not only the formation of the lowest crater A, but also the low-angle explosive events. Prior to the eruption, several minerals were settling to the bottom of the magma chamber as is suggested by the increase of incompatible elements towards the bottom of the stratigraphic section. The major elements indicate that some crystal redistribution occurred and the maximum concentration of Al 2 O 3 , and Eu, and Sr support plagioclase enrichment in early phases of the eruption (top of LU-1 and DAU-1). From the about 20 recognized prehistoric and historic blast deposits in the world, approximately half were produced by sector collapse of the volcano and the other half by sudden decompression of cryptodomes or lava-dome collapses. The recent blasts (1888-1990s) ARTICLE IN PRESSdozen described for the previous 50 ka. Therefore, the adequate recognizers of the blast facies in the cone-building lithofacies, especially for small stratocones as described here, can help in und...

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Section: Comparison With Known Casesmentioning

confidence: 70%

Section: Comparison With Known Casesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The 1968 andesitic lateral blast eruption at Arenal volcano, Costa Rica

Alvarado

Soto

Schmincke

et al. 2006

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

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“…The entire lower Danois quarry sequence is stratigraphically overlain by a thin pumice plinian fall unit followed by a 30–40 m thick coeruptive sequence of younger pumiceous pyroclastic flows belonging to the “Pintade pumice”. It corresponds to a voluminous plinian caldera eruption that marked the end of the “Grande Découverte” phase of construction of La Soufrière of Guadeloupe [ Boudon et al , 1989]. It is dated by 14 C at 42,350 +1975/−1585 years B.P.…”

Section: Islands Of the Northern Part Of The Arcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volcano flank instability in the Lesser Antilles Arc: Diversity of scale, processes, and temporal recurrence

Boudon¹,

Friant²,

Komorowski³

et al. 2007

J. Geophys. Res.

150

196

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International audience[1] The 1997 Boxing Day collapse, a remarkable feature of the ongoing eruption of Soufrière Hills on Montserrat, has prompted new interest in the study of volcano stability in the Lesser Antilles. Building on a few cases documented in the literature, we have now identified at least 47 flank collapse events on volcanoes of the Caribbean arc where this type of behavior is characteristic and repetitive. About 15 events occurred on active volcanoes within the last 12,000 years. In the northern part of the arc, flank collapses are repetitive, do not exceed 1 km 3 in volume, occur in all directions, and are promoted by intense hydrothermal alteration and well-developed fracturing of the summit part of the edifices. In contrast, infrequent but large sector collapses, with volumes up to tens of km 3 , are typical of the southern volcanoes. They are always directed to the west as a result of the high overall slopes of the islands toward the deep back-arc Grenada Basin. Because Caribbean islands are small, a large part of the resulting debris avalanches have flowed into the sea thus contributing voluminous and sudden inputs of volcaniclastic sediments to the Grenada Basin. Deposits from such submarine flows have been identified during the recent AGUADOMAR and CARAVAL oceanographic cruises and traced to their source structures on land. Edifice collapses have a major influence on subsequent volcanic activity but also are of high concern because of their tsunamigenic potential

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“…The western island of the Guadeloupe archipelago, named 'Basse-Terre', in which Bouillante is situated, corresponds to the recent volcanic arc including the Grande Découverte-Soufrière active volcanic system (GDS volcanic system : Tazieff 1979;Feuillard et al 1983;Boudon et al 1989Boudon et al , 1992. The latter is one of the nine main eruptive fields recognized in Guadeloupe (Les Saintes Islands excepted), with from oldest to youngest ( Fig.…”

Section: Volcanic and Tectonic Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Timing of geothermal activity in an active island-arc volcanic setting: First ⁴⁰ Ar/ ³⁹ Ar dating from Bouillante geothermal field (Guadeloupe, French West Indies)

Vérati

Patrier-Mas

Lardeaux

et al. 2013

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Mineral separates of adularia have been extracted from three samples of highly silicified hydrothermal breccias, newly discovered in the active Bouillante geothermal field (Guadeloupe archipelago), and investigated by 40 Ar/ 39 Ar geochronology in order to constrain the timing of geothermal activity in this part of the active Lesser Antilles island arc. The inverse isochron diagram indicates an age of 248 + 50 ka (2s) for all adularia from one breccia sample (n ¼ 8), with an initial 40 Ar/ 36 Ar ratio of atmospheric composition (309 + 12 (2s)) attesting that this age is valid. This age is concordant with the weighted mean age of 290 + 40 ka for the same sample. Adularia from other samples yields concordant ages. The obtained 40 Ar/ 39 Ar ages can be related either to the magmatic activity of the Bouillante Volcanic Chain (c. 850-250 ka ago) or to the initiation of the volcanic activity of the active Grande Découverte-Soufrière system (200 ka ago-present day). Our results demonstrate that the Bouillante hydrothermal event is coeval with change in the volcanic pulses previously recognized in the magmatic history of the studied area. The possible duration calculated for this hydrothermal activity requires at least two superposed volcanic pulses to be developed.

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The Evolution of La Grande Découverte (La Soufrière) Volcano, Guadeloupe (F.W.I.)

Cited by 24 publications

References 25 publications

The 1968 andesitic lateral blast eruption at Arenal volcano, Costa Rica

The 1968 andesitic lateral blast eruption at Arenal volcano, Costa Rica

Volcano flank instability in the Lesser Antilles Arc: Diversity of scale, processes, and temporal recurrence

Timing of geothermal activity in an active island-arc volcanic setting: First ⁴⁰ Ar/ ³⁹ Ar dating from Bouillante geothermal field (Guadeloupe, French West Indies)

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The Evolution of La Grande Découverte (La Soufrière) Volcano, Guadeloupe (F.W.I.)

Cited by 24 publications

References 25 publications

The 1968 andesitic lateral blast eruption at Arenal volcano, Costa Rica

The 1968 andesitic lateral blast eruption at Arenal volcano, Costa Rica

Volcano flank instability in the Lesser Antilles Arc: Diversity of scale, processes, and temporal recurrence

Timing of geothermal activity in an active island-arc volcanic setting: First 40 Ar/ 39 Ar dating from Bouillante geothermal field (Guadeloupe, French West Indies)

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Timing of geothermal activity in an active island-arc volcanic setting: First ⁴⁰ Ar/ ³⁹ Ar dating from Bouillante geothermal field (Guadeloupe, French West Indies)