The Evolution of Human Basophil Biology from Neglect towards Understanding of Their Immune Functions

Steiner, Markus J.; Huber, Sara; Harrer, Andrea; Himly, Martin

doi:10.1155/2016/8232830

Cited by 17 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 186 publications

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“…This was confirmed when mice were injected with cultured mast cells which resulted in tick rejection following infestation of Haemophysalis longicornis ticks, with no tick rejection in mast cell deficient mice (Matsuda et al, 1987 ). A recent review of basophil functions confirms their effector role in allergic reactions, however basophils also share features of innate and adaptive immunity (Steiner et al, 2016 ) which again associates well with the tick resistant bovine phenotype. Steiner et al ( 2016 ) examined the ever expanding function of basophils including the modulation of several cytokines, Toll-like receptors and chemokines (including CXCL10, CCR1, CCR7 described as up-regulated in certain tick resistant cattle studies, Table 1 ).…”

Section: Cellular Physiology Associated With Host Resistancementioning

confidence: 91%

Cattle Tick Rhipicephalus microplus-Host Interface: A Review of Resistant and Susceptible Host Responses

Tabor

Ali

Rehman

et al. 2017

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

102

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Ticks are able to transmit tick-borne infectious agents to vertebrate hosts which cause major constraints to public and livestock health. The costs associated with mortality, relapse, treatments, and decreased production yields are economically significant. Ticks adapted to a hematophagous existence after the vertebrate hemostatic system evolved into a multi-layered defense system against foreign invasion (pathogens and ectoparasites), blood loss, and immune responses. Subsequently, ticks evolved by developing an ability to suppress the vertebrate host immune system with a devastating impact particularly for exotic and crossbred cattle. Host genetics defines the immune responsiveness against ticks and tick-borne pathogens. To gain an insight into the naturally acquired resistant and susceptible cattle breed against ticks, studies have been conducted comparing the incidence of tick infestation on bovine hosts from divergent genetic backgrounds. It is well-documented that purebred and crossbred Bos taurus indicus cattle are more resistant to ticks and tick-borne pathogens compared to purebred European Bos taurus taurus cattle. Genetic studies identifying Quantitative Trait Loci markers using microsatellites and SNPs have been inconsistent with very low percentages relating phenotypic variation with tick infestation. Several skin gene expression and immunological studies have been undertaken using different breeds, different samples (peripheral blood, skin with tick feeding), infestation protocols and geographic environments. Susceptible breeds were commonly found to be associated with the increased expression of toll like receptors, MHC Class II, calcium binding proteins, and complement factors with an increased presence of neutrophils in the skin following tick feeding. Resistant breeds had higher levels of T cells present in the skin prior to tick infestation and thus seem to respond to ticks more efficiently. The skin of resistant breeds also contained higher numbers of eosinophils, mast cells and basophils with up-regulated proteases, cathepsins, keratins, collagens and extracellular matrix proteins in response to feeding ticks. Here we review immunological and molecular determinants that explore the cattle tick Rhipicephalus microplus-host resistance phenomenon as well as contemplating new insights and future directions to study tick resistance and susceptibility, in order to facilitate interventions for tick control.

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Section: Cellular Physiology Associated With Host Resistancementioning

confidence: 91%

Cattle Tick Rhipicephalus microplus-Host Interface: A Review of Resistant and Susceptible Host Responses

Tabor

Ali

Rehman

et al. 2017

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

102

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“…In mice, TSLP‐elicited basophils preferentially produce IL‐4 . Whether this distinction in TSLP‐elicited and IL‐3‐elicited basophils exists in humans is uncertain …”

Section: Pruritogens Associated With Basophilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Possible roles of basophils in chronic itch

Hashimoto

Rosen

Sanders

et al. 2018

Experimental Dermatology

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Basophils are blood granulocytes and normally constitute <1% of blood peripheral leucocytes. Basophils share some morphological and functional similarities with mast cells, and basophils were once regarded as redundant and negligible circulating mast cells. However, recent studies reveal the indispensable roles of basophils in various diseases, including allergic and pruritic diseases. Basophils may be involved in itch through the mediation of a Th2 immune response, interaction with other cells in the skin and secretion of a wide variety of itch-related mediators, for example histamine, cytokines and chemokines (IL-4, IL-13, IL-31 and TSLP), proteases (cathepsin S), prostaglandins (PGE2 and PGD2), substance P and platelet-activating factor. Not only pruritic skin diseases (eg, atopic dermatitis, irritant contact dermatitis, chronic urticaria, prurigo, papulo-erythroderma of Ofuji, eosinophilic pustular folliculitis, scabies, tick bites and bullous pemphigoid) but also pruritic systemic diseases (eg, primary sclerosing cholangitis and polycythemia vera) may be affected by basophils.

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“…Recent studies have revealed that mast cells and basophils control the innate immune response in various ways. IgE-induced immune response and degranulation from mast cells and basophils are considered to be host defense responses against parasites [15,16,18,19,21,55]. In this study, we found that H 2 O 2 produced by mitis group streptococci inhibits the IgEinduced degranulation from RBL-2H3 cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…Activated mast cells and basophils are reported to produce IL-4 [15,16,18,21]. Thus, IL-4 in the culture medium of the treated cells was also measured (Fig 7).…”

Section: Il-4 Release From Rbl-2h3 Cellsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…These cells constitutively express the IgE receptor (FcεRI) on their surface, and its aggregation by the IgE-allergen complex eventually leads to the release of such allergic mediators from the granules, that is, degranulation [15,16,17,18]. In addition, they are associated with the innate immune response as well as autoimmune diseases, and also contribute to the initiation and progression of oral pathological conditions [15,16,18,19,20,21]. Recently, as an allergen immunotherapy, sublingual immunotherapy has become a common treatment for pollinosis [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Streptococcal H2O2 inhibits IgE-triggered degranulation of RBL-2H3 mast cell/basophil cell line by inducing cell death

Okahashi¹,

Nakata²,

Hirose³

et al. 2020

PLoS ONE

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Mast cells and basophils are central players in allergic reactions triggered by immunoglobulin E (IgE). They have intracellular granules containing allergic mediators (e.g., histamine, serotonin, inflammatory cytokines, proteases and β-hexosaminidase), and stimulation by IgE-allergen complex leads to the release of such allergic mediators from the granules, that is, degranulation. Mast cells are residents of mucosal surfaces, including those of nasal and oral cavities, and play an important role in the innate defense system. Members of the mitis group streptococci such as Streptococcus oralis, are primary colonizers of the human oral cavity. They produce hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2) as a by-product of sugar metabolism. In this study, we investigated the effects of streptococcal infection on RBL-2H3 mast cell/basophil cell line. Infection by oral streptococci did not induce degranulation of the cells. Stimulation of the RBL-2H3 cells with anti-dinitrophenol (DNP) IgE and DNP-conjugated human serum albumin triggers degranulation with the release of β-hexosaminidase. We found that S. oralis and other mitis group streptococci inhibited the IgE-triggered degranulation of RBL-2H3 cells. Since mitis group streptococci produce H 2 O 2 , we examined the effect of S. oralis mutant strain deficient in producing H 2 O 2, and found that they lost the ability to suppress the degranulation. Moreover, H 2 O 2 alone inhibited the IgE-induced degranulation. Subsequent analysis suggested that the inhibition of degranulation was related to the cytotoxicity of streptococcal H 2 O 2. Activated RBL-2H3 cells produce interleukin-4 (IL-4); however, IL-4 production was not induced by streptococcal H 2 O 2. Furthermore, an in vivo study using the murine pollen-induced allergic rhinitis model suggested that the streptococcal H 2 O 2 reduces nasal allergic reaction. These findings reveal that H 2 O 2 produced by oral mitis group streptococci inhibits IgE-stimulated degranulation by inducing cell death. Consequently, streptococcal H 2 O 2 can be considered to modulate the allergic reaction in mucosal surfaces.

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The Evolution of Human Basophil Biology from Neglect towards Understanding of Their Immune Functions

Cited by 17 publications

References 186 publications

Cattle Tick Rhipicephalus microplus-Host Interface: A Review of Resistant and Susceptible Host Responses

Cattle Tick Rhipicephalus microplus-Host Interface: A Review of Resistant and Susceptible Host Responses

Possible roles of basophils in chronic itch

Streptococcal H2O2 inhibits IgE-triggered degranulation of RBL-2H3 mast cell/basophil cell line by inducing cell death

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