The Evolution of Food Caching by Birds and Mammals

Smith, Christopher C.; Reichman, O. J.

doi:10.1146/annurev.es.15.110184.001553

Cited by 397 publications

(209 citation statements)

References 105 publications

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“…These adjustments may include winter plumages of different colouration and thermal properties (Montgomerie et al 2001), behavioural responses such as food caching (Smith and Reichman 1984), and/or physiological changes. One major category of physiological response to seasonal climates among non-migratory species involves the adjustment of metabolic machinery (reviewed by Swanson 2010;McKechnie 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global patterns of seasonal acclimatization in avian resting metabolic rates

2015

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The adjustment of resting metabolic rates represents an important component of avian seasonal acclimatization, with recent studies revealing substantial differences between summer and winter in birds from a wide range of latitudes. We compared seasonal variation in basal metabolic rate (BMR) and summit metabolism (Msum) between temperate and tropical/subtropical latitudes, and examined correlations with latitude and temperature. The direction and magnitude of seasonal adjustments in BMR are broadly related to temperature and latitude, but are significantly more variable among tropical and subtropical species compared to those inhabiting temperate zones. Winter adjustments in BMR among subtropical species, when expressed relative to summer 1 values, range from decreases of approximately 35 % to increases of more than 60 %, whereas the majority of temperate-zone species show increases in BMR during winter. Relatively few seasonal Msum data exist for tropical/subtropical species, but those that are available involve responses ranging from winter decreases to increases of similar magnitude to those characteristic of many temperate-zone species. Recent studies also highlight the substantial variation in seasonal adjustments that may occur within species, and reiterate the need for further investigations of the relative roles of environmental variables such as temperature and food availability as determinants of seasonal metabolic variation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global patterns of seasonal acclimatization in avian resting metabolic rates

2015

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“…instantaneously losing the entire food supply; e.g. Dally et al, 2006;Smith & Reichman, 1984;Vander Wall, 1990). Although several studies have suggested that complete pilferage by superior competitors poses the largest threat of catastrophic loss (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Scatter hoarding, by contrast, involves higher energetic costs in terms of travel (food is spaced out more widely) and memory (more locations have to be remembered), as well as increased mortality risk (longer exposure to predators and adverse environmental conditions) (Dally et al, 2006;Stapanian & Smith, 1978. Scatter hoards, however, are not usually defended individually (Jenkins, Rothstein, & Green, 1995;Smith & Reichman, 1984).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…That is, a population of hoarders that has been exposed to superior competitors for a long period of time may have evolved different hoarding patterns from hoarders of the same species that have not been exposed to superior competitors (e.g. Andersson & Krebs, 1978;Brodin, 2010;Dally et al, 2006;Levey, Silva, & Galetti, 2002;Siepielski & Benkman, 2008;Smith & Reichman, 1984;Stapanian & Smith, 1978;Vander Wall, 2001;Vander Wall & Jenkins, 2003).…”

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Scatter hoarding and cache pilferage by superior competitors: an experiment with wild boar, Sus scrofa

et al. 2014

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“…Some rodents are known to hoard surplus foods when they are temporarily supplied with abundant food, and are thought to contribute to seed dispersion and the regeneration of trees through hoarding activities (e.g., West 1968;Smith and Reichman 1984;Jensen and Nielsen 1986;Miyaki and Kikuzawa 1988;Vander Wall 1990;Tamura 2001;Takahashi et al 2006). Because many rodents are nocturnal, it is very difficult to observe their hoarding behavior directly in the field.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinant factors in the seedling establishment of Pasania edulis (Makino) Makino

Nakamura

Hirata

Oishi

et al. 2013

Ecological Research

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Pasania edulis (Makino) Makino is one of the dominant Fagucea tree species in evergreen broad‐leaved forests in southern Japan, and its regeneration success may have a major impact on the dynamics of evergreen broad‐leaved forests. We conducted a field survey on the population process from acorn production to seedling establishment of P. edulis in an evergreen broad‐leaved forest in Kagoshima, southern Japan, from 1995 to 2009. The acorn crop varied greatly among the 14 cohorts, with mast cropping being recorded every 3–4 years. The mortality rate of acorns was very high for all 14 cohorts (99.3–100 %). Important mortality factors were failure to mature (empty acorns), attack by Curculio weevil on trees, predation of dropped acorns by Apodemus mice and large or medium‐sized mammals (wild boar (Sus scrofa leucomystax), badger (Meles meles anakuma), and raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides viverrinu)), and attacks on germinated acorns by the acorn borer (Coccotrypes graniceps). Among these factors, predation by Apodemus mice was the greatest contributor to annual fluctuations in total mortality until seedling establishment. Large or medium‐sized mammals and the acorn borer also caused severe damage to dropped acorns in some years, but contributed little to annual fluctuations in total mortality. For successful regeneration, mast cropping was essential. However, a small population of Apodemus mice, that is, a low predation pressure, was also required during mast years.

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The Evolution of Food Caching by Birds and Mammals

Cited by 397 publications

References 105 publications

Global patterns of seasonal acclimatization in avian resting metabolic rates

Global patterns of seasonal acclimatization in avian resting metabolic rates

Scatter hoarding and cache pilferage by superior competitors: an experiment with wild boar, Sus scrofa

Determinant factors in the seedling establishment of Pasania edulis (Makino) Makino

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