The evolution of fecundity is associated with female body size but not female‐biased sexual size dimorphism among frogs

Monroe, Melanie J.; South, Sandra H.; Alonzo, Suzanne H.

doi:10.1111/jeb.12695

Cited by 24 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(63 reference statements)

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“…) and females (Monroe et al. ; but see Prado and Haddad ). Of the environmental effects, the strongest was that of terrestrial versus aquatic breeding.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The body size effect, in males mediated by testes mass (Fig. 1), may reflect some spatial or energetic constraints as total investments in gamete production among anurans appear to increase disproportionately with body size in both males (Lüpold et al 2017) and females (Monroe et al 2015; but see Prado and Haddad 2005). Of the environmental effects, the strongest was that of terrestrial versus aquatic breeding.…”

Section: Anuransmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ejaculate evolution in external fertilizers: Influenced by sperm competition or sperm limitation?

et al. 2017

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The evolution of sperm quality and quantity is shaped by various selective processes, with sperm competition generally considered the primary selective agent. Particularly in external fertilizers, however, sperm limitation through gamete dispersal can also influence gamete investments, but empirical data examining this effect are limited. Here, we studied the relative importance of sperm competition and the spawning conditions in explaining the macroevolutionary patterns of sperm size and number within two taxa with external fertilization but differences in their reproductive biology. In frogs, sperm swim slowly but for up to hours as they penetrate the gelatinous egg coating, whereas fish sperm typically swim fast, are very short-lived (seconds to minutes), and often face a relatively higher risk of being moved away from the ova by currents. Our phylogenetic models and path analyses revealed different trajectories of ejaculate evolution in these two taxa. Sperm size and number responded primarily to variation in sperm competition in the anurans, but more strongly to egg number and water turbulence in the fishes. Whereas the results across anurans align with the general expectation that sexual selection is the main driver of ejaculate evolution, our findings across the fishes suggest that sperm limitation has been underappreciated. K E Y W O R D S :Anurans, fishes, reproductive investment, sperm number, sperm length, sperm size-number trade-off.

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“…) and females (Monroe et al. ; but see Prado and Haddad ). Of the environmental effects, the strongest was that of terrestrial versus aquatic breeding.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Anuransmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ejaculate evolution in external fertilizers: Influenced by sperm competition or sperm limitation?

et al. 2017

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“…In ectotherms, this is considered to be a result of stronger selective pressure for increased body size in females (because of correlated increase in fertility), compared to selective forces that favour larger males, such as sexual selection (Han & Fu, 2013;Shine, 1979). Body size differences between sexes are presumed to be the result of diverse ecological and environmental constraints (Monroe, South, & Alonzo, 2015), although sexual selection alone might generate differences in size between the sexes, at least in some taxa (Colleoni et al, 2014). The pattern is predominant in anurans, with females being larger than males in 89% of the studied species (Nali et al, 2014).…”

Section: Sexual Dimorphism and Size-correlated Fitnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Random size‐assortative mating despite size‐dependent fecundity in a Neotropical amphibian with explosive reproduction

Székely

Denoël

et al. 2018

Ethology

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Sexual selection theory predicts that, when body size is correlated with fecundity, there should be fitness advantages for mate choice of the largest females. Moreover, because larger males are expected to monopolise the largest females, this should result in an assortative mating based on body size. Although such patterns could be expected in both explosive and prolonged breeders, non‐assortative mating should be more widespread in species under time constraints. However, patterns of sexual selection are largely unexplored in explosive breeding species, and contrasting patterns have been found previously. We expect that the active choice of partners may be particularly risky when the time period during which sexual partners are available is severely limited. Therefore, to avoid missing an entire reproductive act, males and females should pair irrespective of traits, such as body size. We tested this hypothesis by investigating the mating patterns of the Pacific horned toad, Ceratophrys stolzmanni, a short‐lived fossorial species inhabiting Neotropical dry forests. This species is particularly adequate to test our prediction because it reproduces explosively over the course of a single night per year. Although the number of eggs laid was proportional to the size of females, and individuals of both sexes showed variation in body size, there was no assortative mating based either on size, body condition or age of mates. Egg size was not influenced by either female size or clutch size. The larger body size of females compared to males is likely due to fecundity selection, that is, the selective pressure that enhances reproductive output. Although we cannot dismiss the possibility that individuals could select their partners based on other criteria than those related to size or age, the results fit well our prediction, showing that the explosive breeding makes improbable an active choice of partners in both sexes and therefore favours a random mating pattern.

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“…There is a wide range in potential fecundity across species (1, 2), which is often interpreted as trade-offs with presumed ecological and developmental constraints. Trade-offs have been invoked to explain patterns of egg-laying in animals, where total fecundity can correlate negatively with egg mass, clutch size or lifespan (3-10), and positively with body size (11-13). In addition to these hypothesized physical or growth-related constraints, life history parameters including predation risk, environmental variability, host specialization and levels of parental care have been proposed to influence evolutionary change in fecundity (1, 14-17), suggesting that this trait could represent a complex intersection between ecology and physiology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproductive capacity evolves in response to ecology through common developmental mechanisms in Hawai’ianDrosophila

Sarikaya

Church

Lagomarsino

et al. 2018

Preprint

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30Lifetime reproductive capacity, or the total number of offspring that an individual can give rise 31 to in its lifetime, is a fitness component critical to the evolutionary process. In insects, female 32 reproductive capacity is largely determined by the number of ovarioles, the egg-producing 33 subunits of the ovary. Recent work has provided insights into the genetic and environmental 34 control of ovariole number in Drosophila melanogaster. However, whether regulatory 35 mechanisms discovered under laboratory conditions also explain evolutionary variation in 36 natural populations is an outstanding question. Here we report, for the first time, insights into the 37 mechanisms regulating ovariole number and its evolution among Hawai'ian Drosophila, a large 38 adaptive radiation of fruit flies in which the highest and lowest ovariole numbers of the genus 39 have evolved within 25 million years. Using phylogenetic comparative methods, we show that 40 ovariole number variation among Hawai'ian Drosophila is best explained by adaptation to 41 specific oviposition substrates. Further, we show that evolution of oviposition on ephemeral egg-42 laying substrates is linked to changes the allometric relationship between body size and ovariole 43 number. Finally, we provide evidence that the developmental mechanism principally responsible 44 for controlling ovariole number in D. melanogaster also regulates ovariole number in natural 45 populations of Hawai'ian drosophilids. By integrating ecology, organismal growth, and cell 46 behavior during development to understand the evolution of ovariole number, this work connects 47 the ultimate and proximate mechanisms of evolutionary change in reproductive capacity. 48 49

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The evolution of fecundity is associated with female body size but not female‐biased sexual size dimorphism among frogs

Cited by 24 publications

References 43 publications

Ejaculate evolution in external fertilizers: Influenced by sperm competition or sperm limitation?

Ejaculate evolution in external fertilizers: Influenced by sperm competition or sperm limitation?

Random size‐assortative mating despite size‐dependent fecundity in a Neotropical amphibian with explosive reproduction

Reproductive capacity evolves in response to ecology through common developmental mechanisms in Hawai’ianDrosophila

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