“…Furthermore, several authors show that the circumstance of investigations, and how they are handled, can result in a loss the public's loss confidence in government institutions, including but not limited to police agencies. These include: investigations that pay little attention to serious crimes, focusing on minor crimes with arbitrary arrests and ineffective and time-consuming internal disciplinary procedures with unconvincing and innocuous results (Bagley, 2013, Kwak, San Miguel & Carreon, 2012Ruiz Vásquez, 2013). On the other hand, the weakening of institutions has led to the emergence and proliferation of paramilitary groups, popularly known in Brazil as milícias, which are partly composed of security agents from various agencies.…”