“…Afesorgbor (2019) argues that sanctions can reduce the flow of migrants, specifically between senders and targets by adversely affecting these countries' relationships. Weiner (1992) makes the related argument that sanctions are a key instrument to curtail unwanted migration flows towards the sanction-sending country (see also Portela and Charron 2023). Accordingly, emigration can be limited by imposing sanctions on states from which major migrant flows originate and, thereby, putting pressure on their governments to reduce these flows.…”