The evolution of a heterogeneous Martian mantle: Clues from K, P, Ti, Cr, and Ni variations in Gusev basalts and shergottite meteorites

Schmidt, M. E.; McCoy, Timothy J.

doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2010.04.046

Cited by 30 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 75 publications

(121 reference statements)

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“…The cratered plains unit is of Early Hesperian age (Tanaka et al, 2014) with an estimated age based on crater counting of 3.65 Ga Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets 10.1002/2017JE005474 (Greeley et al, 2005;Parker et al, 2010). These are near-primary melts of the Martian mantle and are likely representative of basalts that were formed during early Martian history (Filiberto et al, 2008;Monders et al, 2007;Schmidt & McCoy, 2010). Basaltic cobbles (Group 1) with fairly primitive compositions (high MgO) have also been analyzed by the Chemical Camera (ChemCam) instrument on the Mars Science Laboratory rover Curiosity in Gale Crater (Cousin et al, 2017).…”

Section: Ries Crater: a Terrestrial Analogmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diverse Lithologies and Alteration Events on the Rim of Noachian‐Aged Endeavour Crater, Meridiani Planum, Mars: In Situ Compositional Evidence

et al. 2018

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We report the results of geological studies by the Opportunity Mars rover on the Endeavour Crater rim. Four major units occur in the region (oldest to youngest): the Matijevic, Shoemaker, Grasberg, and Burns formations. The Matijevic formation, consisting of fine‐grained clastic sediments, is the only pre‐Endeavour‐impact unit and might be part of the Noachian etched units of Meridiani Planum. The Shoemaker formation is a heterogeneous polymict impact breccia; its lowermost member incorporates material eroded from the underlying Matijevic formation. The Shoemaker formation is a close analog to the Bunte Breccia of the Ries Crater, although the average clast sizes are substantially larger in the latter. The Grasberg formation is a thin, fine‐grained, homogeneous sediment unconformably overlying the Shoemaker formation and likely formed as an airfall deposit of unknown areal extent. The Burns formation sandstone overlies the Grasberg, but compositions of the two units are distinct; there is no evidence that the Grasberg formation is a fine‐grained subfacies of the Burns formation. The rocks along the Endeavour Crater rim were affected by at least four episodes of alteration in the Noachian and Early Hesperian: (i) vein formation and alteration of preimpact Matijevic formation rocks, (ii) low‐water/rock alteration along the disconformity between the Matijevic and Shoemaker formations, (iii) alteration of the Shoemaker formation along fracture zones, and (iv) differential mobilization of Fe and Mn, and CaSO4‐vein formation in the Grasberg and Shoemaker formations. Episodes (ii) and (iii) possibly occurred together, but (i) and (iv) are distinct from either of these.

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Section: Ries Crater: a Terrestrial Analogmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diverse Lithologies and Alteration Events on the Rim of Noachian‐Aged Endeavour Crater, Meridiani Planum, Mars: In Situ Compositional Evidence

et al. 2018

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“…Experiments to determine fractionation paths of Adirondack-class basalts indicate diverging melt compositions, depending on the water content of the parent magma (McCubbin et al, 2008). Schmidt and McCoy (2010) used the abundances of minor elements (potassium, phosphorus, titanium, chromium, and nickel) to explore an alternative scenario for the formation of Gusev volcanic rocks. Schmidt and McCoy (2010) used the abundances of minor elements (potassium, phosphorus, titanium, chromium, and nickel) to explore an alternative scenario for the formation of Gusev volcanic rocks.…”

Section: Magma Petrogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Mars

McSween

2014

Treatise on Geochemistry

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“…Barrat et al, 2002;Basu Sarbadhikari et al, 2009;Peslier et al, 2010). Shergottites have been the subject of continuous discussions (see the review by Jones, 2015) concerning their crystallization age (Bouvier et al, 2009;Moser et al, 2013), the origin of the enriched source (Debaille et al, 2008;Peters et al, 2015) and how they relate to other martian rocks (Schmidt and McCoy, 2010;Filiberto and Dasgupta, 2011). The detailed crystallization history of olivine-phyric shergottites has remained elusive due to the controversial origin of the olivine megacrysts 0.3-3 mm in diameter.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crystallization history of enriched shergottites from Fe and Mg isotope fractionation in olivine megacrysts

Collinet

Charlier

Namur

et al. 2017

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

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Martian meteorites are the only samples available from the surface of Mars. Among them, olivine-phyric shergottites are basalts containing large zoned olivine crystals with highly magnesian cores 26 Mg = À0.27 ± 0.04‰). The flat forsterite profiles of megacryst cores associated with anti-correlated fractionation of Fe-Mg isotopes indicate that these elements have been rehomogenized by diffusion at high temperature. We present a 1-D model of simultaneous diffusion and crystal growth that reproduces the observed element and isotope profiles. The simulation results suggest that the cooling rate during megacryst core crystallization was slow (43 ± 21°C/year), and consistent with pooling in a deep crustal magma chamber. The megacryst rims then crystallized 1-2 orders of magnitude faster during magma transport toward the shallower site of final emplacement. Megacryst cores had a forsterite content 3.2 ± 1.5 mol% higher than their current composition and some were in equilibrium with the whole-rock composition of NWA 1068 (Fo 80 ± 1.5). NWA 1068 composition is thus close to a primary melt (i.e. in equilibrium with the mantle) from which other enriched shergottites derived.

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The evolution of a heterogeneous Martian mantle: Clues from K, P, Ti, Cr, and Ni variations in Gusev basalts and shergottite meteorites

Cited by 30 publications

References 75 publications

Diverse Lithologies and Alteration Events on the Rim of Noachian‐Aged Endeavour Crater, Meridiani Planum, Mars: In Situ Compositional Evidence

Diverse Lithologies and Alteration Events on the Rim of Noachian‐Aged Endeavour Crater, Meridiani Planum, Mars: In Situ Compositional Evidence

Mars

Crystallization history of enriched shergottites from Fe and Mg isotope fractionation in olivine megacrysts

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