The Evolution and Dynamics of Intraspecific Predation

Polis, Gary A.

doi:10.1146/annurev.es.12.110181.001301

Cited by 1,157 publications

(1,189 citation statements)

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“…We show that any monomorphic population converges to an intermediate level of cannibalism where it branches into two sub-populations. Then, assuming that body size of adult individuals and cannibalism are positively correlated (as it is often the case (Fox, 1975;Polis, 1981Polis, , 1988)), we show that during the dimorphic evolutionary phase the two sub-populations evolve into a weakly cannibalistic dwarf population and a highly cannibalistic giant population, until the giant population undergoes an evolutionary extinction. The key point of our result is that the giant population density does not vanish gradually at evolutionary timescale, but rather collapses suddenly (Gyllenberg and Parvinen, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…great possibilities for individuals of trait x i to predate individuals of the same trait. In the real world such a population would be characterized by a substantial change in size from juvenile to adult, so that adult individuals can easily predate young ones (Polis, 1981(Polis, , 1988. However, an explicit description of the age/size distribution, which naturally calls for relatively complex age/size structured models (see e.g.…”

Section: Ecological Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Remarks on branching-extinction evolutionary cycles

Dercole

2003

Journal of Mathematical Biology

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Section: Ecological Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Remarks on branching-extinction evolutionary cycles

Dercole

2003

Journal of Mathematical Biology

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“…Thus far, it is clear that domatia can protect the mites against adverse abiotic conditions such as drought ( Walter & O'Dowd, 1992;Grostal & O'Dowd, 1994) , intra-guild predation ( Norton et al , 2001 ) and counterattacking prey ( Faraji et al , 2002a ), but not whether they also offer protection against cannibalism. Cannibalism is a common ecological interaction in nature ( Polis, 1981;Elgar & Crespi, 1992 ), and occurs frequently in predatory mites ( Croft & Croft, 1996;Schausberger, 2003;Montserrat et al , 2006 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Domatia reduce larval cannibalism in predatory mites

Ferreira

Eshuis

Janssen

et al. 2008

Ecological Entomology

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1. Acarodomatia are small structures on the underside of leaves of many plant species, which are mainly inhabited by carnivorous and fungivorous mites.2. Domatia are thought to protect these mites against adverse environmental conditions and against predation. They are considered as an indirect plant defence; they provide shelter to predators and fungivores and these in turn protect the plants against herbivores and fungi.3. We studied the possible role of domatia of coffee (Coffea arabica L.) (Rubiaceae) and sweet pepper (Capsicum annum L.) (Solanaceae) in reducing cannibalism in the mites inhabiting the domatia. We measured cannibalism of larvae by adults of the predatory mites Iphiseiodes zuluagai Denmark & Muma and Amblyseius herbicolus Chant on coffee leaf discs and of the predatory mite Iphiseius degenerans (Berl.) on sweet pepper leaf. Domatia were closed with glue or left open.4. Cannibalism in all three species increased when domatia were closed. With I. degenerans, moreover, we found that the previous diet of the cannibal attenuated the effect of domatia on cannibalism.5. We conclude that domatia can protect young predatory mites against cannibalism by adults and that the diet of cannibals affects the rate of cannibalism.

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“…Cannibalism plays an important role in the biology of many insect species and may influence population structure, life history, competition for resources and behavior (Polis 1981). The larvae of several Lepidoptera species are known to feed on conspecific eggs, larvae and sometimes even pupae (Whitman et al 1994) in natural conditions.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The larvae of several Lepidoptera species are known to feed on conspecific eggs, larvae and sometimes even pupae (Whitman et al 1994) in natural conditions. Evidence suggests that cannibalism increases as the abundance or nutritional quality of primary food resources decrease (Fox 1975;Polis 1981;Agarwala & Dixon 1992).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of sex, host-plant deprivation and presence of conspecific immatures on the cannibalistic behavior of wild Ascia monuste orseis (Godart) (Lepidoptera, Pieridae)

Santana¹,

Zago²,

Zucoloto³

2011

Rev. Bras. entomol.

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ABSTRACT. Effects of sex, host-plant deprivation and presence of conspecific immatures on the cannibalistic behavior of wild Ascia monuste orseis (Godart) (Lepidoptera, Pieridae). The specialist cabbage caterpillar Ascia monuste orseis (Lepidoptera, Pieridae) feeds on plants of the Brassicaceae family, but may eventually ingest conspecific eggs and larvae during the larval stage. The present study examines feeding behavior of 4 th and 5 th instar cabbage caterpillars in relation to sex, host-plant deprivation and presence of conspecifics. We recorded number of egg ingested per larvae, developmental indices and duration of feeding, exploratory and resting behavior. Kale deprived caterpillars presented high rates of cannibalism, development delay and decreased fecundity. Cannibalism rates were not influenced by the sex of the larvae. In general, the presence of conspecific eggs did not interfere with the frequency and duration of the categorical behavioral events. We conclude that food availability is a strong factor influencing the extent to which A. monuste orseis caterpillars cannibalize.KEYWORDS. Brassicaceae; cannibalism; feeding; herbivorous insects.RESUMO. Influência do sexo, da privação de plantas hospedeiras e da presença de imaturos coespecíficos no comportamento canibal de Ascia monuste orseis (Godart) (Lepidoptera, Pieridae) selvagens. A curuquerê-da-couve, A. monuste orseis (Lepidoptera, Pieridae), alimenta-se de plantas da família Brassicaceae, mas ingere ovos e larvas coespecíficos, quando disponíveis, durante a fase larval. O comportamento alimentar de lagartas de 4º e 5º ínstares foi estudado em relação ao sexo e à privação de alimento afetando as taxas de canibalismo, e a presença de ovos coespecíficos afetando o comportamento alimentar. Foram mensurados: número de ovos ingeridos/larva, tempo de desenvolvimento, tamanho do adulto, fecundidade e duração dos comportamentos de alimentação, exploração e repouso. Lagartas privadas de couve apresentaram altas taxas de canibalismo, atraso no desenvolvimento e diminuição do número de oócitos. As taxas de canibalismo não foram influenciadas pelo sexo da larva. De um modo geral, a presença de ovos coespecíficos não interferiu na duração e na freqüência dos comportamentos de repouso, exploratório e alimentar. Concluímos que a disponibilidade de alimento é um fator que influencia fortemente na extensão do canibalismo por lagartas de A. monuste orseis.PALAVRAS-CHAVE. Alimentação; Brassicaceae; canibalismo; insetos herbívoros.

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The Evolution and Dynamics of Intraspecific Predation

Cited by 1,157 publications

References 86 publications

Remarks on branching-extinction evolutionary cycles

Remarks on branching-extinction evolutionary cycles

Domatia reduce larval cannibalism in predatory mites

Effects of sex, host-plant deprivation and presence of conspecific immatures on the cannibalistic behavior of wild Ascia monuste orseis (Godart) (Lepidoptera, Pieridae)

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