The evolution and diversification of oakleaf butterflies

Wang, Shuting; Teng, Dequn; Li, Xueyan; Yang, Pei-Wen; Da, Wa; Zhang, Yiming; Zhang, Yubo; Liu, Guichun; Zhang, Xinshuang; Wan, Wenting; Dong, Zhiwei; Wang, Donghui; Huang, Shun; Jiang, Zhi‐Sheng; Wang, Qingyi; Lohman, David J.; Wu, Yongjie; Zhang, Linlin; Fenghai, Jia; Westerman, Erica L.; Zhang, Li; Wang, Wen; Zhang, W.

doi:10.1016/j.cell.2022.06.042

Cited by 32 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 115 publications

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“…Unfortunately, this is likely to be very common in many groups such as fungi, sea cucumbers, nematodes, corals, insects, and plants (see Wilfert et al 2007 ; Stapley et al 2017 for recombination rates and Lynch et al 2016 ; Wang and Obbard 2023 for mutation rates). In practice, there is concern that at least many small nonvertebrate genomes have a much lower µ than r ( Sellinger et al 2020 ; Sellinger et al 2021 ) whose demographic inferences would be affected and poorly addressed in the literature (e.g., coral: Fuller et al 2020 ; insects: Waldvogel et al 2018 ; Hazzouri et al 2020 ; You et al 2020 ; Wang et al 2022 ; Garcia-Berro et al 2023 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomics, Population Divergence, and Historical Demography of the World's Largest and Endangered Butterfly, The Queen Alexandra's Birdwing

Reboud

Chevalier

Tilak

et al. 2023

Genome Biology and Evolution

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The world’s largest butterfly is the microendemic Papua New Guinean Ornithoptera alexandrae. Despite years of conservation efforts to protect its habitat and breed this up-to-28-cm butterfly, this species still figures as endangered in the IUCN Red List and is only known from two allopatric populations occupying a total of only ∼140 km². Here we aim at assembling reference genomes for this species to investigate its genomic diversity, historical demography and determining whether the population is structured, which could provide guidance for conservation programs attempting to (inter)breed the two populations. Using a combination of long and short DNA reads and RNA sequencing, we assembled six reference genomes of the tribe Troidini, with four annotated genomes of O. alexandrae and two genomes of related species O. priamus and Troides oblongomaculatus. We estimated the genomic diversity of the three species, and we proposed scenarios for the historical population demography using two polymorphism-based methods taking into account the characteristics of low-polymorphic invertebrates. Indeed, chromosome-scale assemblies reveal very low levels of nuclear heterozygosity across Troidini, which appears to be exceptionally low for O. alexandrae (lower than 0.01%). Demographic analyses demonstrate low and steadily declining Ne throughout O. alexandrae history, with a divergence into two distinct populations about 10,000 years ago. These results suggest that O. alexandrae distribution has been microendemic for a long time. It should also make local conservation programs aware of the genomic divergence of the two populations, which should not be ignored if any attempt is made to cross the two populations.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomics, Population Divergence, and Historical Demography of the World's Largest and Endangered Butterfly, The Queen Alexandra's Birdwing

Reboud

Chevalier

Tilak

et al. 2023

Genome Biology and Evolution

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“…The pigmentation differences affected by environmental cues can be mediated by some TFs and patterning genes (15)(16)(17)(18)42). Although some TFs have been confirmed to control the composition of insect body color, most studies have only analyzed species body color diversity controlled by TFs at the genomic evolutionary level (18,43). For instance, spätzle3/Toll-8 controls the melaninization process and striped pattern formation in the silkworm dominant mutant Zebra (44), and Pannier contributes to melanic pattern polymorphism on the elytra of the harlequin ladybird, Harmonia axyridis (18).…”

Section: Our Present Study Revealed That Variations Of βCbp Expressio...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatially differential regulation of ATF2 phosphorylation contributes to warning coloration of gregarious locusts

Kang,

Yang,

Cui

et al. 2023

Sci. Adv.

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Warning coloration are common defense strategies used by animals to deter predators. Pestilential gregarious locusts exhibit a notable black-brown pattern as a form of warning coloration. However, the mechanisms regulating this distinctive pattern remain largely unknown. Here, we revealed that the black and brown integuments of locusts are governed by varying amounts of β-carotene and β-carotene–binding protein (βCBP) complexes. β CBP expression is regulated by the bZIP transcription factor activation transcription factor 2 (ATF2), which is activated by protein kinase C alpha in response to crowding. Specifically, ATF2 is phosphorylated at Ser 327 and translocates to the nucleus, where it binds to the β CBP promoter and stimulates overexpression. Differential phosphorylation of ATF2 leads to the divergent black and brown coloration in gregarious locusts. The accumulation of red pigments vital for creating the brown sternum depends on βCBP overexpression. The spatial variation in ATF2 phosphorylation enables locusts to rapidly adapt to changing environment for aposematism.

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“…Yunnan contains many deep valleys, plateaus, and mountains created by tectonic upheavals, and is situated at the intersection of the East Asian monsoon region, Tibetan Plateau region, and tropical monsoon region of southern Asia and Indo-China ( Chen & Xie, 1994 ; Metcalfe, 2013 ). Consequently, its peculiar geographic location, distinctive climate, and complex environment have produced a wide variety of habitats in which organisms can isolate, evolve, and diversify ( Wang et al, 2022 ; Yang et al, 2004 ). Certainly, Yunnan harbors the richest biodiversity in China and should therefore be a major target for conservation.…”

Section: Dear Editormentioning

confidence: 99%

A glimpse into the biodiversity of insects in Yunnan: An updated and annotated checklist of butterflies (Lepidoptera, Papilionoidea)

Chang

Dong

et al. 2022

Zoological Research

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The evolution and diversification of oakleaf butterflies

Cited by 32 publications

References 115 publications

Genomics, Population Divergence, and Historical Demography of the World's Largest and Endangered Butterfly, The Queen Alexandra's Birdwing

Genomics, Population Divergence, and Historical Demography of the World's Largest and Endangered Butterfly, The Queen Alexandra's Birdwing

Spatially differential regulation of ATF2 phosphorylation contributes to warning coloration of gregarious locusts

A glimpse into the biodiversity of insects in Yunnan: An updated and annotated checklist of butterflies (Lepidoptera, Papilionoidea)

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