The Evaluation of GPM IMERG v.06 Rainfall Product over the Lau Simeme Watershed in Indonesia

Abstract

In Indonesia, rainfall is still significant spatially and temporally. In order to gain optimal results from utilising water resources, we have to ensure that the precipitation data is provided in good quality and quantity. Several spatial rainfall measurement sources have become available in recent years, such as GPM data (Global Precipitation Measure). In this study, the GPM IMERG V.06 product was evaluated using rain gauge measurements in the Lau Simeme watershed in North Sumatra Province, Indonesia. The relevance of the GPM IMERG was tested by direct comparison with observations at different time scales (daily, monthly, annual and seasonal) between 2005 and 2019. Results show that the satellite product provides poor rainfall estimations at the daily and annual time scales. However, the accuracy of GPM IMERG Final datasets is improved when temporally average to monthly timescale (R2 of 0.728, RMSE of 68.318 mm and NSE of 0.725), wet seasonal time scale (R2 of 0.673, RMSE of 79.287 mm and NSE of 0.658) and dry seasonal time scale (R2 of 0.947, RMSE of 20.356 mm and NSE of 0.924).

Reservoir water budget estimation using satellite and ground measurement data

“…Accurate and precise evaluations and regional as well as global precipitation estimations are important in scientific inquiries and practical applications. Satellite rainfall estimation has evolved significantly, with various products such as Precipitation Estimation from Remotely Sensed Information using Artificial Neural Networks (PERSIANN) [5], Climate Prediction Center morphing method (CMORPH) [6], TRMM Multi-satellite Precipitation Analysis (TMPA) [7] and The Global Precipitation Measurement Mission (GPM) [8] is currently undergoing development to offer essential rainfall data to the academic community, specifically in areas where there is a scarcity of sufficient rain gauges or radar systems [9]. However, satellite-based precipitation estimates have advantages and disadvantages, highlighting the need for further improvement.…”