The evaluation and treatment of autoimmune diseases

Wiers-Shamir, Kristina; Simpson, Jessica; Chang, Christopher

doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-95061-9.00032-1

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…Studies have also shown that GzmB is an important protein molecule involved in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis, and nonspecific GzmB activity also contributes to the formation of autoantigens in many autoimmune diseases (Darrah & Rosen, 2010). Currently, clinical evaluation of autoimmune diseases is largely based on invasive biopsy or conventional imaging modalities, including ultrasound and MRI, which often lack molecular specificity (Wiers-Shamir et al, 2022). In the treatment of autoimmune diseases, systemic administration of many immunosuppressants has produced mixed results, and the current lack of reliable monitoring tools limits the development and evaluation of new therapies.…”

Section: Systemic Autoimmune Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging and monitoring of granzyme B in the immune response

Li,

Chen,

et al. 2023

WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol

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Significant progress has been made in tumor immunotherapy that uses the human immune response to kill and remove tumor cells. However, overreactive immune response could lead to various autoimmune diseases and acute rejection. Accurate and specific monitoring of immune responses in these processes could help select appropriate therapies and regimens for the patient and could reduce the risk of side effects. Granzyme B (GzmB) is an ideal biomarker for immune response, and its peptide substrate could be coupled with fluorescent dyes or contrast agents for the synthesis of imaging probes activated by GzmB. These small molecules and nanoprobes based on PET, bioluminescence imaging, or fluorescence imaging have proved to be highly GzmB specific and accuracy. This review summarizes the design of different GzmB‐responsive imaging probes and their applications in monitoring of tumor immunotherapy and overreactive immune response.This article is categorized under: Diagnostic Tools > In Vivo Nanodiagnostics and Imaging

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Section: Systemic Autoimmune Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%