The European Respiratory Roadmap

Decramer, Marc

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(11)60619-3

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…It is worth noting that there is currently no commercially available oral solution specifically formulated for caffeine in South Africa. Nevertheless, the Department of Health strongly recommends the oral route of administration for caffeine as per EML guidance [94][95][96][97][98][99]. Vitamins were also the most common medicine used unlicensed or unapproved in our study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Off-Label and Unlicenced Medicine Use among Hospitalised Children in South Africa: Practice and Policy Implications

Mathevula,

Schellack,

Orubu

et al. 2023

Pharmacy

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Background: Information regarding off-label and unlicensed medicine use among South African children is limited. This is a concern as the prescribing of off-label and unlicensed medicines can lead to issues of effectiveness and safety as well as raise liability issues in the event of adverse events. This potentially exposes physicians to legal penalties. Consequently, we sought to determine the prevalence of off-label and unlicensed medicine use among paediatric patients in South Africa to provide future direction. Methods: This study retrospectively examined the use of medicine in a point-prevalence survey study (PPS) involving paediatric patients aged (0–2 years) admitted to selected public hospitals in Gauteng Province, South Africa. Data were collected per hospital over two days between February 2022 and July 2022. Demographics, duration of treatment, diagnosis, and medicines prescribed were collected from patient medical records using a mobile application. Prescribed medicines were reviewed against the medicine formularies and other databases to assess their appropriateness. Results: From three academic hospitals, 184 patient records were reviewed. A total of 592 medicines were dispensed, of which 379 (64.0%) were licensed and 213 (36.0%) were used off-label/unlicensed for paediatric patients 0–2 years of age. The most prevalent off-label and unlicensed medicines were multivitamins (n = 32, 15.0%) and ampicillin injections (n = 15, 7.0%). Conclusion: The frequency of unlicensed and off-label medicine prescribing shown in this study is consistent with the literature and can be considered high. This practice can pose a risk because it adversely affects patients if not properly regulated. Attention is needed to ensure future high-quality, safe, and effective use of medicines.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Off-Label and Unlicenced Medicine Use among Hospitalised Children in South Africa: Practice and Policy Implications

Mathevula,

Schellack,

Orubu

et al. 2023

Pharmacy

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“…35 Two combination LAMA/LABAs exist: umeclidinium/ vilanterol and glycopyrronium/indacaterol. The former combination showed a slight improvement in FEV 1 compared with its constituent drugs and tiotropium, but the clinical relevance of this is unclear; 36 the latter combination demonstrated a very small reduction in exacerbation rates compared to glycopyrronium alone in severe COPD. 37 Inhaler devices Drug delivery devices are as important as the drugs themselves; incorrect use of the device will limit effectiveness of therapy.…”

Section: Inhaled Combination Therapymentioning

confidence: 96%

Management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Parmar¹,

Raines²

2015

Prescriber

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InvestigationsPostbronchodilator spirometry should be assessed as this allows airflow obstruction to be quantified. Spirometry is mandatory for diagnosis and staging according to the Global Initiative for COPD (GOLD) and BTS guidelines, and helps to differentiate from asthma. 6 Airway obstruction is defined as a reduced post-Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality, and its management requires a multidisciplinary approach. This review discusses the diagnosis of COPD and the treatment options available.

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Role of Mammography versus Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Breast Cancer Screening

Urban

Úrban

2012

Curr Breast Cancer Rep

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Mammographic screening has been proven to detect breast cancer at an early stage and to reduce mortality from breast cancer. Nevertheless, some limitations concerning sensitivity, as well as adverse effects such as false negatives and radiosensitivity, has led to a need to search for other screening techniques. Magnetic resonance imaging has been an excellent choice for some specific subgroups, including patients at high risk. However, high cost, low availability, and lack of long-term trials aiming to prove the reduction of mortality have limited magnetic resonance application. Moreover, some points about breast cancer screening still need to be clarified, including overdiagnosis rate, which includes cancers that would not have become clinically significant during the woman's lifetime, and cost effectiveness. In this review, the authors analyze the role of mammography and magnetic resonance imaging in breast cancer screening for the general and high-risk populations.

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The European Respiratory Roadmap

Cited by 6 publications

References 8 publications

Off-Label and Unlicenced Medicine Use among Hospitalised Children in South Africa: Practice and Policy Implications

Off-Label and Unlicenced Medicine Use among Hospitalised Children in South Africa: Practice and Policy Implications

Management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Role of Mammography versus Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Breast Cancer Screening

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