Atmospheric dispersion models have become important tools for air pollution meteorology for the last decades. Based on meteorological data, these models can simulate the transmission of pollutants released from accidental or normal industrial processes, traffic and households, as well as deflation and evaporation. The scale of the dispersion process can range from local air pollution events to globally detectable nuclear accidents. Simulation of atmospheric dispersion on different scales requires different modeling approaches.The aim of this research is to develop an atmospheric dispersion model applicable on a wide range of scales. A regional-to-global scale Lagrangian particle dispersion model and a local scale plume model have been developed, which can be used with data from several numerical weather prediction systems.The main application of the Lagrangian model was the simulation of the global dispersion of radionuclides released from the Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant. Measurement data from several sites in the Northern Hemisphere provided a resource to validate model results and to reconstruct the dispersion process in each region.The developed dispersion models have been applied for recent cases in Hungary that reached large public interest. Our plume model was used to simulate the long-term spatial distribution of deflated industrial dust from the Budapest Chemical Works site for a period of thirteen years. Radioiodine release from the Institute of Isotopes in Budapest was simulated with our Lagrangian model to reveal model uncertainties in a complex weather situation with low-level inversion and wind shear.Our Gaussian and Lagrangian models can simulate the dispersion of passive tracers or toxic substances with a simple chemical mechanism. Development of the model allows the flexible adaptation for special needs of users and its integration into complex decision support software. Development and testing provided valuable experience for future applications to select and set up the best possible modeling tool for atmospheric dispersion problems.