The Eurasian steppe belt in time and space: Phylogeny and historical biogeography of the false flax (Camelina Crantz, Camelineae, Brassicaceae)

Čalasan, Anže Žerdoner; Seregin, Alexey P.; Hurka, Herbert; Hofford, Nathaniel P.; Neuffer, Barbara

doi:10.1016/j.flora.2019.151477

Cited by 26 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…Currently, we lack evidence for this hypothesis but this is currently being analyzed in more detail. Such a split between European and Central to East Asian populations has previously been found in Clausia ( Franzke et al, 2004 ) with a split between groups found around 70° East and further west along the Ural Mountains in Camelina microcarpa ( Žerdoner Čalasan et al, 2019 ). This split along the Ural Mountains is in line with the division of periglacial steppes in two large ecosystems east and west of the Ural Mountains based on paleo-environmental reconstructions ( Hurka et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Comparative Phylogeography of Veronica spicata and V. longifolia (Plantaginaceae) Across Europe: Integrating Hybridization and Polyploidy in Phylogeography

et al. 2021

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Climatic fluctuations in the Pleistocene caused glacial expansion-contraction cycles in Eurasia and other parts of the world. Consequences of these cycles, such as population expansion and subsequent subdivision, have been studied in many taxa at intraspecific population level across much of the Northern Hemisphere. However, the consequences for the potential of hybridization and polyploidization are poorly understood. Here, we investigated the phylogeographic structure of two widespread, closely related species, Veronica spicata and Veronica longifolia, across their European distribution ranges. We assessed the extent and the geographic pattern of polyploidization in both species and hybridization between them. We used genome-scale SNP data to clarify phylogenetic relationships and detect possible hybridization/introgression events. In addition, crossing experiments were performed in different combination between V. spicata and V. longifolia individuals of two ploidy levels and of different geographic origins. Finally, we employed ecological niche modeling to infer macroclimatic differences between both species and both ploidy levels. We found a clear genetic structure reflecting the geographical distribution patterns in both species, with V. spicata showing higher genetic differentiation than V. longifolia. We retrieved significant signals of hybridization and introgression in natural populations from the genetic data and corroborated this with crossing experiments. However, there were no clear phylogeographic patterns and unequivocal macroclimatic niche differences between diploid and tetraploid lineages. This favors the hypothesis, that autopolyploidization has happened frequently and in different regions. The crossing experiments produced viable hybrids when the crosses were made between plants of the same ploidy levels but not in the interploidy crosses. The results suggest that hybridization occurs across the overlapping areas of natural distribution ranges of both species, with apparently directional introgression from V. spicata to V. longifolia. Nevertheless, the two species maintain their species-level separation due to their adaptation to different habitats and spatial isolation rather than reproductive isolation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Comparative Phylogeography of Veronica spicata and V. longifolia (Plantaginaceae) Across Europe: Integrating Hybridization and Polyploidy in Phylogeography

et al. 2021

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“…We provided a newly reconstructed starting tree from an SVDQ analysis but without a specified out‐group to avoid artificial topologies. We made use of four different secondary calibration points that have been independently inferred from the following unrelated studies using different calibration methods, different taxon samples, and different loci: Douglas et al., 2015 , Han et al., 2015 , Hurka et al., 2012 and Žerdoner Čalasan et al., 2019 . The calibration node ages were specified as log‐normally distributed in real space.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…( 2019 ), and Žerdoner Čalasan et al. ( 2019 ). The most recent common ancestor (MRCA) of Capsella is presumably of Late Pliocene/Early Pleistocene age and was probably distributed along the Eurasian steppe belt from eastern Europe to western or even Central Asia (Hurka et al., 2012 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Pleistocene dynamics of the Eurasian steppe as a driving force of evolution: Phylogenetic history of the genus Capsella (Brassicaceae)

Čalasan

Hurka

German

et al. 2021

Ecology and Evolution

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Capsella is a model plant genus of the Brassicaceae closely related to Arabidopsis. To disentangle its biogeographical history and intrageneric phylogenetic relationships, 282 individuals of all five currently recognized Capsella species were genotyped using a restriction digest‐based next‐generation sequencing method. Our analysis retrieved two main lineages within Capsella that split c. one million years ago, with western C. grandiflora and C. rubella forming a sister lineage to the eastern lineage consisting of C. orientalis. The split was attributed to continuous latitudinal displacements of the Eurasian steppe belt to the south during Early Pleistocene glacial cycles. During the interglacial cycles of the Late Pleistocene, hybridization of the two lineages took place in the southwestern East European Plain, leading to the allotetraploid C. bursa‐pastoris. Extant genetic variation within C. orientalis postdated any extensive glacial events. Ecological niche modeling showed that suitable habitat for C. orientalis existed during the Last Glacial Maximum around the north coast of the Black Sea and in southern Kazakhstan. Such a scenario is also supported by population genomic data that uncovered the highest genetic diversity in the south Kazakhstan cluster, suggesting that C. orientalis originated in continental Asia and migrated north‐ and possibly eastwards after the last ice age. Post‐glacial hybridization events between C. bursa‐pastoris and C. grandiflora/rubella in the southwestern East European Plain and the Mediterranean gave rise to C. thracica. Introgression of C. grandiflora/rubella into C. bursa‐pastoris resulted in a new Mediterranean cluster within the already existing Eurasian C. bursa‐pastoris cluster. This study shows that the continuous displacement and disruption of the Eurasian steppe belt during the Pleistocene was the driving force in the evolution of Capsella.

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“…This era is characterized by an intensified development of permafrost and continental climate, major trans‐ as well as regressions of water bodies and major continental glaciations that got gradually reduced toward the end of the Pleistocene (Head et al., 2008; Head et al., 2008; Velichko, 2005). These parameters have shaped the evolutionary history also of other plant taxa, such as Adonis (Kropf et al., 2019), Camelina (Žerdoner Čalasan et al., 2019), Linum (Plenk et al., 2017), and Schivereckia (Friesen et al., 2020). This could likewise be the case in a two‐way split in Sisymbrium altissimum , S. irio , S. volgense, or three‐way split in predominantly Mediterranean S. erysimioides , all dated to the late or the end of middle Pleistocene.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is corroborated also by high levels of endemic species in Iranian mountain ranges and current distribution patterns of several representative Irano‐Turanian plant taxa (Djamali, Baumel, et al., 2012; Djamali et al., 2012; Noroozi et al., 2008). The western and central regional subcenters of the Irano‐Turanian region may have played an important role by partially “supplying” adjacent regions—northern and eastern Irano‐Turanian subcenters, as well as the Mediterranean Basin and Saharo‐Arabian floristic region—with floral elements (Magyari et al., 2008; Manafzadeh et al., 2014, 2017; Takhtajan et al., 1986; Žerdoner Čalasan et al., 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A story from the Miocene: Clock‐dated phylogeny of Sisymbrium L. (Sisymbrieae, Brassicaceae)

Čalasan

German

Hurka

et al. 2021

Ecology and Evolution

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Sisymbrium L. (Brassicaceae, Sisymbrieae DC.) belongs to one of the most well-studied and economically important plant families in the world, including important vegetables and forage crops, condiments, decorative plants, and model organisms. Nevertheless, morphological homogeneity within the genus on the one hand and extreme intraspecific morphological variability and lack of precise generic boundaries on the other hand have hindered systematic studies of Sisymbrium until the last decade (Al-Shehbaz, 2006b; Warwick et al., 2002, 2006). Much effort has been put into elucidating the actual number of Sisymbrium species, starting with the first worldwide monographic study by Fournier as early as 1865. His generic concept, however, was based very broadly and is nowadays considered outdated (Warwick et al., 2006). Several other

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The Eurasian steppe belt in time and space: Phylogeny and historical biogeography of the false flax (Camelina Crantz, Camelineae, Brassicaceae)

Cited by 26 publications

References 74 publications

Comparative Phylogeography of Veronica spicata and V. longifolia (Plantaginaceae) Across Europe: Integrating Hybridization and Polyploidy in Phylogeography

Comparative Phylogeography of Veronica spicata and V. longifolia (Plantaginaceae) Across Europe: Integrating Hybridization and Polyploidy in Phylogeography

Pleistocene dynamics of the Eurasian steppe as a driving force of evolution: Phylogenetic history of the genus Capsella (Brassicaceae)

A story from the Miocene: Clock‐dated phylogeny of Sisymbrium L. (Sisymbrieae, Brassicaceae)

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