The Eurasian occurrence of the shovel-tusker<i>Konobelodon</i>(Mammalia, Proboscidea) as illuminated by its presence in the late Miocene of Pikermi (Greece)

Konidaris, George E.; Roussiakis, Socrates; Θεοδώρου, Γεώργιος; Koufos, George D.

doi:10.1080/02724634.2014.873622

Cited by 29 publications

(30 citation statements)

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“…The morphology of the Samos mandible and the presence of a flattened lower tusk are clearly different from the other proboscideans from Samos (Deinotherium, Mammut, Choerolophodon), and indicate apparent similarities with K. atticus from Pikermi. Therefore, although the deciduous dentition is not visible, the allocation to this taxon is quite confident, taking also into account the features of the lost skull and its dentition (Lehmann 1950;Konidaris et al 2014).…”

Section: Remarksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Late Miocene proboscideans from Samos Island (Greece) revisited: new specimens from old collections

Konidaris

Koufos

2018

PalZ

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In this article we present new proboscidean remains from the late Miocene (Turolian) of Samos Island (Greece), which are stored at the old Samos collections of Darmstadt, Frankfurt a. M. (Germany), Lausanne (Switzerland) and Vienna (Austria), and originate from the excavations or fossil collections that took place on the island at the end of the 19 th and the beginning of the 20 th century. The specimens belong to juvenile individuals of deinotheres, choerolophodonts and amebelodonts. The deinothere material is attributed to the last European huge-sized deinothere, Deinotherium proavum. The described skull from Samos is so far the most complete specimen of all known Miocene juvenile deinotheres from Eurasia and Africa. The majority of the Samos choerolophodont specimens represent the advanced morph of Choerolophodon pentelici, whereas one shows more archaic features and belongs to the primitive evolutionary stage of this species. This more primitive morph could originate from the lower fossiliferous horizons of Samos, which are dated to the early Turolian. The third proboscidean is attributed to the tetralophodont shovel-tusker Konobelodon atticus, a rare taxon in the Samos fauna. Together with the previously described zygodont Mammut from Samos, these four proboscideans are typical for the Turolian proboscidean fauna of Southeastern Europe. We discuss the biostratigraphy of the Samos proboscideans aiming to unravel some aspects of the chronological range of the late Miocene proboscideans with emphasis in the Southern Balkans and Turkey.

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Section: Remarksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Late Miocene proboscideans from Samos Island (Greece) revisited: new specimens from old collections

Konidaris

Koufos

2018

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“…While the occurrence, in the early late Miocene of the western Old World, of Tetralophodon longirostris, is generally accepted and well-documented, Turolian or Turolianequivalent faunas yield tetralophodont taxa of more debatable affinities, as observed and discussed by Markov (2008), Konidaris et al (2014), and Tassy (2016). Especially relevant to the discussion on the affinities of the Skoura proboscidean is the presence of tetralophodont amebelodontids in a number of late Miocene localities throughout the Old World, including north Africa (e.g.…”

Section: Systematic Contextmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Teeth-Absence of anancoidy (no alternation of the semilophs, or cross-contacts between them) sets the teeth apart from members of the genus Anancus, and the sub-parallel upper tusks and large lower tusks confirm that the Skoura proboscidean is unconnected to this genus, so that comparisons can be limited to other tetralophodonts. Amebelodontids close to, or identical with the Eurasian species 'Mastodon' grandincisivus are known from the late Miocene of Africa (Gaziry, 1987;discussion in Tassy, 1999discussion in Tassy, , 2003Markov, 2008;Konidaris et al, 2014). The Küçükçekmece second molars (Tassy, 2016), probably belonging to the latter species, are larger than Skoura and display a different morphology, including a more pronounced pretrite trefoil pattern, posttrite ornamentation, pseudoanancoidy, less pronounced antero-posterior compression, and these features on the Skoura teeth are a better match for the morphology in Tetralophodon.…”

Section: Comparisonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The first Tetralophodon (Mammalia, Proboscidea) cranium from Africa

Geraads

Zouhri

Марков

2019

Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology

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We describe a virtually complete Proboscidean cranium and other remains from the late Miocene of Skoura near Ouarzazate, Morocco, assigning them to a derived species of Tetralophodon. African finds of this genus are scarce, and of additional interest due to their potential importance for elephantid phylogeny. The Skoura material adds significantly to the African record of non-anancine tetralophodonts, and to the Neogene proboscidean record of northwestern Africa.

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“…During the Turolian, although palaeoecological reconstructions for Central/Western Europe suggest a similar open environment (Agust ı & Ant on 2002), Choerolophodon remained restricted in the south-eastern part of Europe. However, all other contemporary proboscideans of this region À Deinotherium, 'Mammut' and Konobelodon À entered Central Europe (Markov 2008;Konidaris 2013;Konidaris et al 2014). Choerolophodon was probably well adapted in the south-eastern part of Europe so that even minor ecological differences prohibited its 22…”

Section: Dental Microwear Analysis and Palaeoecological Remarksmentioning

confidence: 97%

Taxonomy, biostratigraphy and palaeoecology ofChoerolophodon(Proboscidea, Mammalia) in the Miocene of SE Europe-SW Asia: implications for phylogeny and biogeography

Konidaris

Koufos

Kostopoulos

et al. 2014

Journal of Systematic Palaeontology

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The Miocene elephantoid Choerolophodon from SE Europe-SW Asia is studied, based on the Greek localities of Thymiana, Axios Valley, Pikermi, Samos and Nikiti-2. Although this genus is well documented in Greece, there is no recent taxonomic study and its biostratigraphy and palaeoecology had never been examined in detail. Three choerolophodont species are recognized in SE EuropeÀSW Asia: the Middle Miocene C. chioticus (late Orleanian, MN 5), and the Late Miocene C. anatolicus (early Vallesian, MN 9) and C. pentelici (late VallesianÀTurolian, MN 10ÀMN 13). The latter species is divided into a primitive morph, dated to the late Vallesian and possibly earliest Turolian, and an advanced morph from the Turolian. At the end of the Miocene Choerolophodon disappeared. With respect to the geographical distribution of Choerolophodon, the genus is very well documented in SE EuropeÀSW Asia but it is unknown from Central, Western and Northern Europe, a fact which is attributed to ecological factors. The phylogenetic relationships of all known choerolophodont species from the Miocene of the Old World are examined using a cladistic analysis, and their proposed biogeography is discussed. Finally, the palaeoecology of Late Miocene Choerolophodon from Northern Greece is studied through a dental microwear analysis, revealing that Choerolophodon foraged mainly on grasses, a type of vegetation widespread in open environments. These palaeoecological results are in agreement with previous environmental reconstructions for the Late Miocene of Greece.

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The Eurasian occurrence of the shovel-tuskerKonobelodon(Mammalia, Proboscidea) as illuminated by its presence in the late Miocene of Pikermi (Greece)

Cited by 29 publications

References 22 publications

Late Miocene proboscideans from Samos Island (Greece) revisited: new specimens from old collections

Late Miocene proboscideans from Samos Island (Greece) revisited: new specimens from old collections

The first Tetralophodon (Mammalia, Proboscidea) cranium from Africa

Taxonomy, biostratigraphy and palaeoecology ofChoerolophodon(Proboscidea, Mammalia) in the Miocene of SE Europe-SW Asia: implications for phylogeny and biogeography

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