The etiology of neonatal pneumonia, complicated by bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Кушнарева, М. В.; Keshishyan, E. S.; Балашова, Е. Д.

doi:10.3233/npm-17159

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Previous studies have reported that Enterococcus spp. is associated with respiratory tract infections [ 24 ], and Actinomyces cardiffensis is a definite risk factor of pneumonia [ 25 ]. Ochrobactrum anthropic , a type of Gram-positive bacteria, is associated with pyogenic infections [ 26 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics in gut microbiome is associated with chemotherapy-induced pneumonia in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia

et al. 2021

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Background Children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) undergoing chemotherapy experience a relatively high risk of infection. And the disturbance of gut microbiota is generally believed to impair intestinal barrier function and may induce bacterial infections and inflammation. The study aimed to investigate the alterations in the gut microbiota and assess its relationship with chemotherapy-induced pneumonia in pediatric ALL patients. Methods We conducted a case–control study with 14 cases affected by pneumonia and 44 unaffected subjects and characterized the physiological parameters and gut microbiota by microarray-based technique. Results There were significant differences in α- and β-diversity in the affected group compared with the control group. At species level, the LEfSe analysis revealed that Enterococcus malodoratus, Ochrobactrum anthropi and Actinomyces cardiffensis were significantly abundant in the affected subjects. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve yielded the area under the curve (AUC) of 0.773 for classification between the two groups. In addition, the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways involved in the bacterial secretion system were more enriched in the affected group than in the control group. Conclusions Gut microbiota alteration was associated with chemotherapy-induced pneumonia in pediatric ALL patients, which provided a new perspective on the personalized clinical care of pediatric ALL.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics in gut microbiome is associated with chemotherapy-induced pneumonia in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia

et al. 2021

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“…Severe forms of BPD are closely related to Gram (-) bacterial infections, in particular difficult to treat Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli and Enterobacter cloacae infections. A weaker correlation is found for infections caused by Gram (+) bacteria, especially Staphylococcus spp [27][28][29].…”

Section: Risk Factors and Pathophysiological Mechanisms Of Bpdmentioning

confidence: 91%

Pathophysiological mechanisms and pharmacological methods of prevention and treatment of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants

Wątroba¹,

Bryda²

2019

J Pre Clin Clin Res.

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Wątroba S. J, Bryda J. Pathophysiological mechanisms and pharmacological methods of prevention and treatment of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants. AbstractIntroduction. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a respiratory disease that is characterized by long-term respiratory failure and mainly affects premature infants with low birth weight (LBW), undergoing mechanical ventilation (MV) or requiring long-term oxygen therapy. In Europe, among newborns with birth weight <1500g, the incidence of BPD is around 15%. Objective. The purpose of this review was to analyze the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in the development of BPD in premature newborns and to discuss the current possibilities of pharmacological prevention and treatment of BPD. Description of the state of knowledge. The BPD pathogenesis is multifactorial. Lung damage is the result of barotrauma and volutrauma due to high-performance MV, actions of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and infectious agents. Currently used methods of pharmacological treatment of severe forms of BPD are mainly based on systemic steroid therapy and can not be considered completely effective and free of side effects. Conclusion. Despite the widespread use of proper pharmacotherapy and dynamic development of new methods of respiratory therapy, mortality in BPD is estimated at around 10% -20%. Infants with BPD are much more exposed to respiratory infections caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), which may result in the development of bronchial hyperresponsiveness and bronchial asthma. Among children with BPD there are significantly higher cognitive and behavioral deficits compared to healthy children, and cerebral palsy is also significantly more common.Abbreviations AA -arachidonic acid; AAP COFN -Committee on Foetus and Newborn of the American Academy of Pediatrics; ACTHadrenocorticotropin; ADH -vasopressin, antidiuretic hormone; ASMC -airway smooth muscle cells; BPD -bronchopulmonary dysplasia; BTN -betamethasone; CAT -catalase; CC10 -Clara cell 10 kDa protein; CLD -chronic lung disease; COXcyclooxygenase; CPAP -continuous positive airway pressure; CPS FNC -Fetus and Newborn Committee of the Canadian Pediatric Society; DEX -dexamethasone; ELBW -extremely low birth weight; ENA-78 -epithelial protein activating neutrophils; EURAIL -Europe Against Immature Lung; FC -fludrocortisone; FiO 2 -oxygen concentration in the breathing mixture; FTP -fluticasone propionate; GCSs -glucocorticosteroids; GM-CSF -granulocyte and macrophage colonystimulating factor; GPx -glutathione peroxidase; HC -hydrocortisone; HO . -hydroxyl radical; HO 2 . -hydroperoxide radical; IFN-γ -gamma interferon; ILs -interleukins; IRDS -respiratory distress syndrome; IUGR -intrauterine growth retardation; IVH -intraventricular haemorrhage; LBW -low birth weight; LTs -leukotrienes; MAS -meconium aspiration syndrome; MIP-1 -macrophage inflammatory protein-1; MMPs -metalloproteinases; MRI -magnetic resonance imaging; MV -mechanical ventilation; n-CPAP -continuous positive airway pressure -nasal metho...

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“…Targeted panels are widely available to investigate known mutations in non-immune genes that cause severe neonatal lung disease (75). Patients with BPD frequently develop recurrent tracheitis and pneumonias with a variety of gram positive and negative organisms (76). Recurrent upper and lower airway infections represent well-known complications of IEI and are associated with secondary chronic pulmonary disease, although this typically develops years into the disease course (77).…”

Section: Bronchopulmonary Dysplasiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Inborn Errors of Immunity in the Premature Infant: Challenges in Recognition and Diagnosis

Gordon

O’Connell

2021

Front. Immunol.

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Due to heightened awareness and advanced genetic tools, inborn errors of immunity (IEI) are increasingly recognized in children. However, diagnosing of IEI in premature infants is challenging and, subsequently, reports of IEI in premature infants remain rare. This review focuses on how common disorders of prematurity, such as sepsis, necrotizing enterocolitis, and bronchopulmonary dysplasia, can clinically overlap with presenting signs of IEI. We present four recent cases from a single neonatal intensive care unit that highlight diagnostic dilemmas facing neonatologists and clinical immunologists when considering IEI in preterm infants. Finally, we present a conceptual framework for when to consider IEI in premature infants and a guide to initial workup of premature infants suspected of having IEI.

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The etiology of neonatal pneumonia, complicated by bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Cited by 8 publications

References 9 publications

Characteristics in gut microbiome is associated with chemotherapy-induced pneumonia in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Characteristics in gut microbiome is associated with chemotherapy-induced pneumonia in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Pathophysiological mechanisms and pharmacological methods of prevention and treatment of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants

Inborn Errors of Immunity in the Premature Infant: Challenges in Recognition and Diagnosis

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