The etiology of extensive pleural effusions with troublesome clinical course among children

Abstract

The bacteriological profile in our series of complicated pneumonia cases was similar to what has been described for non-complicated pneumonia cases. Future studies will be necessary to determine why these children presented a worse outcome.

Empyema Thoracis: Analysis of 150 Cases from a Tertiary Care Centre in North East India

“…Previous studies from India also show similar results [10]. The average age of presentation in the present study was similar to previous studies [11][12][13].…”

Impact of antibiotic therapy on laboratory analysis of parapneumonic pleural fluid in children

“…Despite the high prevalence of PPE, especially in developing countries, management of this condition is still controversial [1,2,10,[12][13][14][22][23][24][25]. Pleural fluid analysis is the main tool to guide the need for adjunct surgical treatment and antibiotic therapy in these patients.…”

“…The initial sample size was determined based on previous studies [1,7]. For an estimated 40% frequency of positive pleural fluid cultures (patients without previous antibiotic treatment) and 10% (patients with previous antibiotic treatment), considering a 1:1 ratio, power of 80%, and 95% significance, 38 patients would be needed in each group (total of 76 patients).…”

“…Acute respiratory infections are the main cause of morbidity and mortality from infectious diseases in children younger than 5 years in developing countries [1,2]. In these patients, the incidence of parapneumonic pleural effusions (PPE) varies widely, from 14.6% to 91%, evolving to empyema in 5% to 10% of the cases [1,[3][4][5].…”

“…In these patients, the incidence of parapneumonic pleural effusions (PPE) varies widely, from 14.6% to 91%, evolving to empyema in 5% to 10% of the cases [1,[3][4][5]. In the presence of PPE, the treatment to be followed depends on pleural fluid analysis [3,[5][6][7][8][9][10].…”