The etiologic spectrum of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in young patients

Abstract

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), accounting for more than 80% in head and neck malignancies, kills thousands of people a year in the world. Despite most of the patients are more than 45, and the occurrences of head and neck cancer shows a decreasing trend; however, horribly, the incidences of the patients under 45 years old is steadily increasing. Hence, it's of vital importance to get more pathogen information about risk factors of HNSCC in children and young adults. This review outlines the etiologic spectrum of HNSCC, especially oral/oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma, in patients under 45 years of age.

Human Gyrovirus-Apoptin Interferes with the Cell Cycle and Induces G2/M Arrest Prior to Apoptosis

“…Viruses may not only be the source of proteins with selective anticancer properties, but also may contribute to carcinogenesis, like for example human papillomaviruses (cervical and oral cancer) (Liu et al 2016;Zaravinos 2014), human T-cell leukemia virus (hairly cell leukemia) (Chlichlia et al 2002;Los et al 1998) etc. Like in some other diseases (Likus et al 2016a), it is however sometimes difficult to clearly associate the given pathogen with cancer etiology.…”

Structure and properties of slow-resorbing nanofibers obtained by (co-axial) electrospinning as tissue scaffolds in regenerative medicine

“…Viruses may contribute to carcinogenesis, like for example human papillomaviruses (cervical and oral cancer) [28,29], Human T-cell Leukemia Virus (hairly cell leukemia) [30,31] etc. Like in some other diseases [32], it is however sometimes difficult to clearly associate the given pathogen with cancer etiology.…”

Neoadjuvant dose‐modified docetaxel in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck: A phase 3 study

“…(Mehanna, Paleri, West, & Nutting, 2010;Torre et al, 2015) Epidemiological studies indicate SCCHN is increasingly common in patients aged <45 years, particularly in South-Eastern Asia and India, despite a global trend for declining incidence. (Annertz et al, 2002;Chitapanarux et al, 2006;Liu, Gao, Liang, & Tang, 2016;Shiboski, Schmidt, & Jordan, 2005) The majority of SCCHN cases are locally advanced on diagnosis, representing 60% of all patients. (Seiwert & Cohen, 2005) Such cases have a poor prognosis; after standard treatment with surgery and radiotherapy, 30% of resectable cases will have locoregional recurrence, with a 5-year survival rate of <40%.…”