The ethological relevance of predator odors to induce changes in prey species

Hegab, Ibrahim M.; Kong, Shushu; Yang, Shengmei; Mohamaden, Walaa I.; Wei, Wanhong

doi:10.1007/s10211-014-0187-3

Cited by 32 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…У грызунов од-ним из главных механизмов распознавания хищников является обоняние. В частности, хемосигналы хищников вызывают врожденную реакцию избе-гания у крыс, мышей и полевок [5]. Кроме того, показано, что моча домаш-ней кошки может вызывать изменения уровня различных гормонов в плазме крови [6][7][8] и увеличение частоты генетических нарушений в мейотически делящихся клетках грызунов [9].…”

Section: запах хищника дестабилизирует геном клеток костного мозга мышиunclassified

Predator odor induces genome instability in the mouse bone marrow cells

Glinin

Сергеевич²,

Starshova

et al. 2017

Ecological genetics

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Background. Long coevolution of prey and predator species of mammals creates specific mechanisms of their interaction, e. g. prey’s innate behavior aversive to the predator odor. However, little is known about genetic responses in the prey organism. We assessed genome instability of the bone marrow cells in mice affected by the cat’s odor influence, and proposed pathway of such action. Materials and methods. CBA mouse males were exposed to volatiles from adult cat urine for 2 or 24 hours. To estimate the genetic effect, ana-telophase method of chromosome aberration analysis and comet assay were used. The level of corticosterone was also measured after the exposure for 30 or 60 minutes. Results. The exposure to cat’s urine volatiles for 2 hours induced damage of DNA in bone marrow cells of the mouse males as was shown by the DNA comet analysis. The exposure for 24 hours elevated the frequency of chromosome aberrations in mitotically dividing cells at ana-telophase stage. No significant changes were found in the level of corticosterone in the peripheral blood. Conclusion. We have shown that volatile chemosignals from predator’s urine induce genomic instability in bone marrow cells of a prey. The hormonal pathway of such influence is still unknown. Intraorganismic paths leading to genome damage are discussed as well as far consequences of discovered effects.

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Section: запах хищника дестабилизирует геном клеток костного мозга мышиunclassified

Predator odor induces genome instability in the mouse bone marrow cells

Glinin

Сергеевич²,

Starshova

et al. 2017

Ecological genetics

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“…; Hegab et al. ). These behavioral adaptations, like predator avoidance and the development of antipredator behaviors, are fundamental for survival (Hegab et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…; Hegab et al. ). In the field of stress neurobiology, the term ‘habituation’ refers to the reduction in physiological responses elicited by an exposure to a repeated homotypic (same) stressor in comparison with the responses elicited by acute exposure to that stimulus (Grissom & Bhatnagar ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Source Odor, Intensity, and Exposure Pattern Affect Antipredatory Responses in the Subterranean Rodent Ctenomys talarum

2016

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Predation is a strong selective force, and prey species may show specific adaptations that allow recognition, avoidance, and defense against predators. Facing a situation of predatory risk, anxiety constitutes a reaction of adaptive value, allowing to evaluate the potential risk of this encounter as well as to generate a physiological and behavioral response. Previous studies in the subterranean rodent Ctenomys talarum revealed that exposure to predator odors (urine or fur) generates an anxiety state and induces behavioral changes. However, no differences between the responses generated by both odor sources were observed, although fur odors may indicate a higher level of predatory immanence. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the behavioral and physiological responses of C. talarum to different intensities of predator odors (urine and fur) and to the repeated exposition to the same odorous stimulus. When comparing the highest behavioral effects elicited by both predatory odors on C. talarum, our study supports the assumption that fur odors are more anxiogenic than urine, while the former provoked significant changes in the distance traveled, the number of arm entries and time in transparent arms in the elevated plus maze; cat urine only caused slight changes on those behavioral parameters. Furthermore, we also found that the intensity of natural predator odor presented to tuco‐tucos has a role on the appearance of defensive behaviors, although an amount‐dependent relationship between predator odor and anxiety levels was not observed. Finally, while individuals exposed for 1 day to fur odor displayed an evident anxiety state, those exposed repeatedly for 5 consecutive days did not differ with the control group in their behavioral response, indicating a clear habituation to the predatory cue. In our intensity and habituation experiments, we did not find differences in the measured physiological parameters among control individuals, exposed to different cues intensity (urine and fur odor) and exposed only once or for 5 days to fur odor. These results provide valuable evidence that the types of predatory odor, along with the frequency of exposition, are important determinants of the appearance, strength, and extinction of defensive behaviors in the subterranean rodent C. talarum.

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“…Pheromones are chemical elements emitted by one individual and received by another individual from the same species, triggering a broad array of behavioural and endocrine activities (Brennan, 2010, Hegab et al 2015. These responses are reciprocally integrated into the male-female interaction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biostimulation and reproductive performance of artificially inseminated rabbit does (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

2017

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Biostimulation is a non-hormonal and practical technique that has not yet been widely utilised when applied immediately before insemination to improve reproductive efficiency in livestock species. This study was conducted to determine the influence of short-term male biostimulation on behavioural and reproductive performance of inseminated rabbit does. A total of 142 female New Zealand White rabbits were randomly assigned to 3 groups. Females were either exposed to male odour (Odour group) or an adult aproned male (Male group), while the remaining does that were neither exposed to the male odour nor the adult male are considered the control group. All females were inseminated after the 2 h exposure session. Conception rates were determined by abdominal palpation 12 d after insemination. The results showed that conception rate of the male odour group (79.59%) was greater than that of male presence group (76.09%) and that of the control group (68.09%). Moreover, biostimulated does showed significant behavioural activities during the 2 h exposure session compared to the control group. Although no significant differences were recognised, litter size at birth and at weaning was slightly increased in biostimulated compared to control females. Nor were there any significant difference in serum oestradiol concentrations between treated groups. Conclusively, short-term 2 h biostimulation of rabbit does resulted in the appearance of various behavioural responses followed by differences in conception rates between groups after routine artificial insemination.

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The ethological relevance of predator odors to induce changes in prey species

Cited by 32 publications

References 74 publications

Predator odor induces genome instability in the mouse bone marrow cells

Predator odor induces genome instability in the mouse bone marrow cells

Source Odor, Intensity, and Exposure Pattern Affect Antipredatory Responses in the Subterranean Rodent Ctenomys talarum

Biostimulation and reproductive performance of artificially inseminated rabbit does (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

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