The Ethics of Public Health Laws, and the Special Case of the New “Model Law”

Steinberg, Sharon; Jotkowitz, Alan

doi:10.1353/pbm.2017.0005

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Some authors claimed that dysfunctional eating behaviors commonly accompanying ON are very often approved and even celebrated in Western culture (Sedlak, 2019). This evidence could be explained by the intense pressures of Western societal standards in reaching a “healthy beauty ideal” an emerging concept consisting of desiring neither thinness nor healthy in isolation, but rather, an amalgamation of the two ideals (Steinberg & Jotkowitz, 2016). It is possible that this phenomenon could reflect Western countries to a greater extent than Eastern countries, although, to date, no evidence is available on its spread and its related aspects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between orthorexia, disordered eating, and obsessive–compulsive symptoms: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Zagaria

Vacca

Cerolini

et al. 2021

Intl J Eating Disorders

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Objective Orthorexia nervosa (ON) is defined as an unhealthy obsession with healthy eating, focusing on concerns regarding food quality and composition. Currently, there is still a lack of consensus about a clear definition of the construct. Specifically, it has yet to be clarified whether ON pertains to eating disorders (EDs) or obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) spectrum. Hence, we conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis addressing the magnitude of the association between these groups of symptoms. Method PubMed, Medline, SCOPUS, PsychINFO, CINAHL, and Web of Science were searched from inception up to February 2021. Data from individual studies were pooled using a random‐effects model. Pearson's r was used as the effect size metric. Subgroup analyses were conducted exploring the role of ON‐related instruments, body mass index, study quality, and cultural context. Results Thirty‐six studies met the eligibility criteria and were included in the meta‐analysis. Random‐effects model yielded a moderate association between ON and EDs symptoms with an overall effect size of r = .36 (p < .001; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.30–0.43). On the other hand, the results showed a small association between ON and OCD symptoms with a mean effect size of r = .21 (p < .001; 95% CI = 0.15–0.27). Discussion Meta‐analytic findings showed that ON symptoms are more associated to EDs compared to OCD. Despite the similarities, the nonhigh magnitude of the pooled correlations suggests that ON might be different from pre‐existing EDs and OCD. Hence, ON might be treated as a stand‐alone ED and included as an emerging syndrome in the DSM classification.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between orthorexia, disordered eating, and obsessive–compulsive symptoms: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Zagaria

Vacca

Cerolini

et al. 2021

Intl J Eating Disorders

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“…The models' law of 2012 was enacted after two previous legislative attempts; the Restricting Weight in the Modeling Industry Bill of 2010 and the Restricting Weight in the Modeling Industry Bill of 2011 (Hildesheimer ijps.ccsenet.org & Gur-Arie, 2015), and it has received support but also criticism from various parties (Gladstone, 2016;Gutreich, 2017;Hildesheimer & Gur-Arie, 2015;Lewis et al, 2020;Zilberman, 2013). Along with the criticism, questions arose as to the effectiveness of the law (Steinberg & Jotkowitz, 2016), and some argued that alternative approaches might be more effective in the prevention of EDs in the public in general and among models in particular (Gutreich, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Israel’s “Models’ Law” on Young Women

Cohen¹,

Latzer²

2021

IJPS

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Background: The development of eating disorders (EDs) and disordered eating pathology (DEP) is related to a complex interplay of various factors, with the media being a main risk factor. The high comorbidity related to EDs and DEP highlights the importance of preventive interventions and requires additional prevention strategies that create opportunities for policy changes, while targeting media influences. In 2012, Israel initiated the “models’ law”, setting limits on both the employment of underweight models and the use of photo editing. This study examined the impact of the models’ law on body dissatisfaction, DEP, and EDs among young women in Israel. Methods: The study included two parts: self-report questionnaires and a telephone interview. The sample of 203 women was divided into two age groups, 81 women aged 18-24 and 122 women aged 25-35-that completed both parts of the study. Results: The models’ law had significantly higher impact on younger as opposed to older participants. Yet younger participants were found to have higher levels of DEP than the older participants. Additionally, participants who were highly supportive of the law had lower levels of DEP. Conclusion: The results indicate that younger participants had higher levels of DEP and were more influenced by the thin ideal and the media. Thus, these results highlight the importance of implementing prevention programs at younger ages and expanding the spectrum of prevention programs to the field of policy change, using legislation.

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