Within telehealth there are a number of domains relevant to pulmonary care:
telemonitoring, teleassistance, telerehabilitation, teleconsultation and second
opinion calls. In the last decade, several studies focusing on the effects of
various telemanagement programs for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease (COPD) have been published but with contradictory findings. From the
literature, the best telemonitoring outcomes come from programs dedicated to
aged and very sick patients, frequent exacerbators with multimorbidity and
limited community support; programs using third-generation telemonitoring
systems providing constant analytical and decisionmaking support (24 h/day, 7
days/week); countries where strong community links are not available; and zones
where telemonitoring and rehabilitation can be delivered directly to the
patient’s location. In the near future, it is expected that telemedicine will
produce changes in work practices, cultural attitudes and organization, which
will affect all professional figures involved in the provision of care. The key
to optimizing the use of telemonitoring is to correctly identify who the ideal
candidates are, at what time they need it, and for how long. The time course of
disease progression varies from patient to patient; hence identifying for each
patient a ‘correct window’ for initiating telemonitoring could be the correct
solution.In conclusion, as clinicians, we need to identify the specific challenges we face
in delivering care, and implement flexible systems that can be customized to
individual patients’ requirements and adapted to our diverse healthcare
contexts.