The estimation of aerial inputs of metals to estuarine waters from point pattern data using an isoplething technique: Severn Estuary, U.K.

Harrison, S. J.; Vale, Jacqueline A.; Watts, C.D.

doi:10.1016/0960-1686(93)90404-m

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…A total of 216 bulk atmospheric deposits (wet+dry samples) were collected on the monthly basis during March 2003 to February 2004 from 18 sampling locations within the urban area of Varanasi using a stainless steel funnel of 30 cm diameter fitted on five litre polyethylene bottle previously rinsed with deionised water following the method of Harrison et al (1993). The 18 sampling locations are depicted in Fig.…”

Section: Atmospheric Deposits and Vegetable Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atmospheric deposition of heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb) in Varanasi City, India

Sharma

Agrawal

Marshall

2007

Environ Monit Assess

137

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Rapid growth in urbanization and industrialization in developing countries may significantly contribute in heavy metal contamination of vegetables through atmospheric depositions. In the present study, an assessment was made to investigate the spatial and seasonal variations in deposition rates of heavy metals and its contribution to contamination of palak (Beta vulgaris). Samples of bulk atmospheric deposits and Beta vulgaris for analysis of Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb were collected from different sampling locations differing in traffic density and land use patterns. The results showed that the sampling locations situated in industrial or commercial areas with heavy traffic load showed significantly elevated levels of Cu, Zn and Cd deposition rate as compared to those situated in residential areas with low traffic load. The deposition rates of Cu, Zn and Cd were significantly higher in summer and winter as compared to rainy season, however, Pb deposition rate was significantly higher in rainy and summer seasons as compared to winter season. Atmospheric depositions have significantly elevated the levels of heavy metals in B. vulgaris collected during evening as compared to those collected in morning hours. The study further showed that local population has maximum exposure to Cd contamination through consumption of B. vulgaris. The present study clearly points out the urban and industrial activities of a city have potential to elevate the levels of heavy metals in the atmospheric deposits, which may consequently contaminate the food chain and thus posing health risk to the local population.

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Section: Atmospheric Deposits and Vegetable Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atmospheric deposition of heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb) in Varanasi City, India

Sharma

Agrawal

Marshall

2007

Environ Monit Assess

137

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“…Dry deposition samples were collected on a monthly basis using a plastic funnel fitted on a 2-l polyethylene bottle, previously rinsed with deionised water following the method of Harrison [28]. The funnel was mounted 3 m above the ground level at all the sites.…”

Section: Atmospheric Depositionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Wet and Dry Deposition in the Downwind of Industrial Sources in a Dry Tropical Area

Singh

Agrawal

2001

The Scientific World JOURNAL

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An atmospheric deposition study was conducted in the downwind of Shaktinagar Thermal Power Plant (STPP), Renusagar Thermal Power Plant (RTPP), and Anpara Thermal Power Plant (ATPP), at Singrauli region, Uttar Pradesh (UP), India to characterize dry and wet deposition in relation to different pollution loading. During the study period, dry and wet depositions and levels of gaseous pollutants (SO2 and NO2) were estimated across the sites. Dry deposition was collected on a monthly basis and wet deposition on an event basis. Depositions were analyzed for pH, nitrate (NO3-), ammonium (NH4+), and sulphate (SO4(2-)) contents. Dry deposition rate both collected as clearfall and throughfall varied between 0.15 to 2.28 and 0.33 to 3.48 g m(-2) day(-1), respectively, at control and maximally polluted sites. The pH of dry deposition varied from 5.81 to 6.89 during winter and 6.09 to 7.02 during summer across the sites. During the rainy season, the mean pH of clear wet deposition varied from 6.56 to 7.04 and throughfall varied from 6.81 to 7.22. The concentrations of NO2 and SO2 pollutants were highest during the winter season. Mean SO2 concentrations varied from 18 to 75 g m(-3) at control and differently polluted sites during the winter season. The variation in NO2 concentrations did not show a pattern similar to that of SO2. The highest NO2 concentration during the winter season was 50 g m(-3), observed near RTPP. NO2 concentration did not show much variation among different sites, suggesting that the sources of NO2 emission are evenly distributed along the sites. The concentrations of NH4+, NO3-, and SO4(2-) ions in dry deposition were found to be higher in summer as compared to the winter season. In dry deposition (clearfall) the concentrations of NH4+, NO3-, and SO4(2-) varied from 0.13 to 1.0, 0.81 to 1.95, and 0.82 to 3.27 mg l(-1), respectively, during winter. In wet deposition (clearfall), the above varied from 0.14 to 0.74, 0.81 to 1.82, and 0.67 to 2.70 mg l(-1), respectively. The study clearly showed that both dry and wet depositions varied between the sites and season, suggesting significant impact of industrial activities in modifying the atmospheric input. The nonacidic deposition suggests that there is no threat of acidification of the receiving ecosystem at present.

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Atmospheric depositions around a heavily industrialized area in a seasonally dry tropical environment of India

Singh

Agrawal

2005

Environmental Pollution

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The estimation of aerial inputs of metals to estuarine waters from point pattern data using an isoplething technique: Severn Estuary, U.K.

Cited by 7 publications

References 18 publications

Atmospheric deposition of heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb) in Varanasi City, India

Atmospheric deposition of heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb) in Varanasi City, India

Characterization of Wet and Dry Deposition in the Downwind of Industrial Sources in a Dry Tropical Area

Atmospheric depositions around a heavily industrialized area in a seasonally dry tropical environment of India

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