“…Little research has been conducted using token economies specifically to manage behavior problems in preschool classrooms (Baker et al, 1972;Filcheck, McNeil, Greco, & Bernard, in press;McGoey & DuPaul, 2000;Wolfe et al, 1983). However, research has examined the effectiveness of token economies with no response cost components in managing preschool-aged children's disruptive behavior in non-classroom settings (e.g., home, hospitals) (e.g., Barkley, 1987;Budd, Leibowitz, Riner, Mindell, & Goldfarb, 1981;Herman & Tramontana, 1971;Murray, 1980;Musgrove, 1981;Swiezy et al, 1992). Also, the use of token economies to manage behavior problems in the classroom has been effective in decreasing disruptive behavior in elementary-aged children (e.g., Anhalt et al, 1998;Bahl et al, 2000;Drege & Beare, 1991).…”