The essential oils chemical compositions and antimicrobial, antioxidant activities and toxicity of threeHyptisspecies

Abstract

Context: Hyptis suaveolens (Linn.) Poit., Hyptis rhomboidea Mart. et Gal., and Hyptis brevipes Poit., are three species of Hyptis Jacq. (Lamiaceae). Hyptis suaveolens is used for the treatment of fever, headache, gastrointestinal bloating and rheumatism in the traditional folk medicine; Hyptis rhomboidea for hepatitis, ulcer and swollen poison; and Hyptis brevipes for asthma and malaria. Objective: To characterize chemical compositions of the oils from three Hyptis species and evaluate their potential antimicrobial, radical scavenging activities and toxicities against brine shrimp. Materials and methods: The oils were obtained by hydrodistillation, and their chemical compositions were investigated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined using the tube double-dilution technique. The antioxidant activities were investigated using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay and toxicities by the brine shrimp bioassay. Results: Forty-seven, 33 and 28 constituents of oils isolated, respectively, from H. suaveolens, H. rhomboidea and H. brevipes were identified. Among the essential oils, the strongest antioxidant activity was exhibited by H. brevipes with an SC 50 value of 2.019 AE 0.25 mg mL À1. The H. brevipes oil exhibited the strongest antimicrobial activity (3.125-6.25 mg mL À1) on pathogens employed in the assay. They all showed significant toxicities with median lethal concentration (LC 50 ) values of 62.2 AE 3.07 mg mL À1, 65.9 AE 6.55 mg mL À1 and 60.8 AE 9.04 mg mL À1, respectively. Discussion and conclusions: The three Hyptis species oils possess strong antimicrobial activities and toxicities. Hyptis rhomboidea and H. brevipes showed considerable antioxidant activity compared to the positive control.

Gastroprotective effect of alpha-pinene and its correlation with antiulcerogenic activity of essential oils obtained from Hyptis species

“…Previous studies have shown that α-pinene exhibits bactericide activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria[ 6 7 18 ] and high antioxidant activity against 2.2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and hydroxyl radicals. [ 37 ] Taking into accounts that Helicobacter pylori infection and generation of free radicals of oxygen and nitrogen are among the main factors involved in the pathogenesis of gastric ulcers,[ 38 39 ] the bactericide and antioxidant properties of α-pinene might be also closed linked to the action mechanisms by which α-pinene promotes gastroprotection.…”

“…Hyptis mutabilis , Hyptis martiussi , Hyptis suaveolens and Hyptis spicigera ) exhibited significant antiulcerogenic activity, acting by different mechanisms, such as a decrease of acid secretion, antioxidant, anti- Helicobacter effects, and improvement of gastric blood flow. [ 15 16 17 18 19 ] In recent times, our group showed that the essential oil obtained from aerial parts of H. crenata reduced the rat gastric mucosa lesions and increased the mucus production and the gastriointestinal emptying. [ 20 ] These results suggest that the genus Hyptis (lamiaceae), comprised for more than 300 species widespread in tropical and temperate regions of America,[ 21 ] might be an interesting natural source of novel gastroprotective agents.…”

Approach to Determination a Structure – Antioxidant Activity Relationship of Selected Common Terpenoids Evaluated by ABTS•+ Radical Cation Assay

“…Thus, efforts have been made to determine new natural antioxidants which in many cases also reveal other significant activities such as antifungal, antimicrobial, enzyme inhibition or anti-inflammatory effects [11][12][13]. Numerous sources [14][15][16][17][18] indicate that essential oils may be a source of natural antioxidants. Based on available data, it can be stated that essential oils exhibit sufficient free radical scavenging activity to be considered as potential food additives or drug leads.…”

Avaliação da atividade moduladora e citotóxica do óleo essencial das folhas de Hyptis martiusii Benth

“…O gênero Hyptis é composto basicamente de monoterpenos e sesquiterpenos, corroborando com resultados de Araújo e colaboradores que identificou no óleo essencial de Hyptis martiusii (oehm) terpenos, dentre outros constituintes, bem como Oliveira e colaboradores que expressou em seu estudo a presença de 1,8 cineol e o δ-3-careno, componentes majori-tários com atividade contra bactérias resistentes. Onde Coutinho e colaboradores e Araújo e colaboradores afirmam que a principal atividade evidenciada na espécie Hyptis martiusii é a antimicrobiana e que essa característica se deve a existência de diterpenos (31)(32).…”