The Essential Oil Compositions of Ocimum basilicum from Three Different Regions: Nepal, Tajikistan, and Yemen

Abstract

The aerial parts of Ocimum basilicum L. were collected from four different geographical locations, Sindhuli and Biratnagar (Nepal), Chormaghzak village (Tajikistan), and Sana'a (Yemen). The essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. A cluster analysis of 179 essential oil compositions revealed six major chemotypes: Linalool, eugenol, estragole, methyl eugenol, 1,8-cineole, and geraniol. All four of the basil oils in this study were of the linalool-rich variety. Some of the basil oils were screened for bioactivity including antimicrobial, cytotoxicity in human cancer cells, brine shrimp lethality, nematicidal, larvicidal, insecticidal, and antioxidant. The basil oils in this study were not notably antibacterial, cytotoxic, antioxidant, nor nematicidal, but were active in the brine shrimp lethality test, and did show larvicidal and insecticidal activities.

The Effect of Harvesting on the Composition of Essential Oils from Five Varieties of Ocimum basilicum L. Cultivated in the Island of Kefalonia, Greece

“…Cluster analysis has been proved as a useful tool in the attempt of an evaluation of chemotypes among essential oil bearing plants. However, in O. basilicum’s case, the numerous synonymous names, varieties, and inerspecific hybridization along with the several factors that affecting essential oils’ composition make this process extremely difficult [ 29 ].…”

A laboratory study of the acaricidal, repellent and oviposition deterrent effects of three botanical oils on Tetranychus urticae (Koch, 1836) (Acari: Tetranychidae)

“…The toxic, oviposition deterrent and repellency effects of all test materials were showed for T. urticae in this study. These effects could be due to the presence of certain alkaloids, terpenoids, flavonoids, other oxygenated hydrocarbon compounds that are responsible for many of the insecticidal and/or acaricidal properties of plants (Lee et al 1991;Chokechaijaroenporn et al, 1994;Refaat & Momen, 2002;Maciel et al, 2006;López et al, 2008;Zheljazkov et al, 2008;Chiffelle et al, 2009;Elkertati et al, 2013;Martins et al, 2016;Pavela et al, 2016;Sharopov et al, 2016). Thus, the results of this study showed that the assessed concentrations of oils obtained from the basil and chinaberry compared to a commercial botanical product (Nimbecidine) have similar biological effects on T. urticae.…”

Essential oils fromOcimum basilicumcultivars: analysis of their composition and determination of the effect of the major compounds onHaemonchus contortuseggs

“…The EO of O. basilicum has several biological activities, such as antifungal (El-Soud et al ., 2015), antimicrobial (Lang & Buchbauer, 2012), antiprotozoal (Almeida et al ., 2007; Santoro et al ., 2007), insecticidal (Rodríguez-González et al ., 2019), acaricidal (Martinez-Velazquez et al ., 2011) and anthelmintic (Castro et al ., 2017). However, there are several basil cultivars with considerably different EO composition (Sharopov et al ., 2016). This is the first study to show a statistical difference in the inhibition of H. contortus egg hatch – up to 3.96 times – among EOs from cultivars of the same plant species (table 1).…”