Abstract:Today ionic crystals are widely used in devices for various purposes. In X-ray spectral optics they are widely used as crystal monochromators; ionic crystals are used in optical devices where lenses and transparent optical media (light filters) are made of optically pure materials - ionic crystals. In general, the main positive feature of these materials is transparency regarding the transmission of radiation in the visible region of the spectrum (transmittance of about 0.9) and neutrality - that is, approxima… Show more
“…At the same time, the theory of dynamic chaos, which together with quantum physics and Einstein's theory of relativity is the basis of the modern natural worldview, argues that dynamic chaos is the result of self-organized criticism. The study of the evolution of real systems with dynamic chaos in the presence of a variety of external influences requires the study of spatiotemporal self-organization, which makes it possible to predict the structure of stable functional states of materials [12][13][14][15][16][17].…”
The degree of ordering of the structure of technologically important materials formed as a result of the evolution of complex physicochemical systems determines their physical properties, in particular optical. In this regard, the primary task for the theoretical study of methods for obtaining materials with predetermined physical properties is to develop approaches to describe the evolution of fractal (scale-invariant) objects in the formation of self-similar structures in systems exhibiting chaotic behavior. The paper forms an idea of the processes of evolution in materials formed as a result of stochastic processes. It is established that the conduct of ultrametrics in time space allows to characterize the time of the evolutionary process of fractal dimension, which is calculated either theoretically or model. The description of evolutionary processes in a condensed medium, accompanied by topological transformations, is significantly supplemented by the method of describing the stages of evolution of structures, which makes it possible to analyze a wide range of materials and can control their properties, primarily optical. It is shown that the most large-scale invariant structures, due to the investigated properties, can be used as information carriers. It is demonstrated that the presence in physical systems of fractal temporal dimension and generates a self-similar (consisting of parts in a sense similar to the whole object) evolutionary tree, which, in turn, generates spatial objects of non-integer dimension, observed in real situations. On the other hand, temporal fractality provides analysis of systems with dynamic chaos, leading to universal relaxation functions. In particular, in systems with a large-scale invariant distribution of relaxation characteristics, an algebraic law of relaxation is manifested, which leads to rheological models and equations of states, which are characterized by fractional derivatives. It is argued that the fractal dimension of time hierarchies stores information that determines the process of self-organization. Developed in the paper ideas about the processes of building the structure of materials, which lead to the fractal geometry of objects, can be used to predict their properties, in particular, optical.
“…At the same time, the theory of dynamic chaos, which together with quantum physics and Einstein's theory of relativity is the basis of the modern natural worldview, argues that dynamic chaos is the result of self-organized criticism. The study of the evolution of real systems with dynamic chaos in the presence of a variety of external influences requires the study of spatiotemporal self-organization, which makes it possible to predict the structure of stable functional states of materials [12][13][14][15][16][17].…”
The degree of ordering of the structure of technologically important materials formed as a result of the evolution of complex physicochemical systems determines their physical properties, in particular optical. In this regard, the primary task for the theoretical study of methods for obtaining materials with predetermined physical properties is to develop approaches to describe the evolution of fractal (scale-invariant) objects in the formation of self-similar structures in systems exhibiting chaotic behavior. The paper forms an idea of the processes of evolution in materials formed as a result of stochastic processes. It is established that the conduct of ultrametrics in time space allows to characterize the time of the evolutionary process of fractal dimension, which is calculated either theoretically or model. The description of evolutionary processes in a condensed medium, accompanied by topological transformations, is significantly supplemented by the method of describing the stages of evolution of structures, which makes it possible to analyze a wide range of materials and can control their properties, primarily optical. It is shown that the most large-scale invariant structures, due to the investigated properties, can be used as information carriers. It is demonstrated that the presence in physical systems of fractal temporal dimension and generates a self-similar (consisting of parts in a sense similar to the whole object) evolutionary tree, which, in turn, generates spatial objects of non-integer dimension, observed in real situations. On the other hand, temporal fractality provides analysis of systems with dynamic chaos, leading to universal relaxation functions. In particular, in systems with a large-scale invariant distribution of relaxation characteristics, an algebraic law of relaxation is manifested, which leads to rheological models and equations of states, which are characterized by fractional derivatives. It is argued that the fractal dimension of time hierarchies stores information that determines the process of self-organization. Developed in the paper ideas about the processes of building the structure of materials, which lead to the fractal geometry of objects, can be used to predict their properties, in particular, optical.
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