The ESS riddle: physics vs. relics

Caruso, Hank

doi:10.1109/rams.1995.513251

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 4 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Ramp rate for thermal shock is usually greater than 20°C and it is less than 20°C for thermal cycling [10]. High ramp rates are effective in exaggerating stresses associated with mismatches in coefficients of thermal expansion in metals, plastics, and adhesives [11]. Tests with excessively high ramp rates actually could be ineffective in precipitating flawed solder joints into failures [12].…”

Section: Ramp Ratementioning

confidence: 99%

Reliability Evaluation of Equipment

Natarajan¹

2014

Reliable Design of Electronic Equipment

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The proto-models of electronic equipment are subjected to electrical and environmental tests as per the contractual specification of the equipment. The tests are not adequate for providing high level of confidence in the reliability of equipment. An integrated test program is designed for evaluating electrical and environmental performance and the reliability of equipment. Reliability improvement tests are superimposed with the electrical and environmental tests to the extent feasible in the integrated test program. Subjecting proto-models to the integrated test program is defined as the reliability evaluation of equipment. Performance trend analysis, random vibration, thermal shock, and accelerated burn-in are the reliability improvement tests that are explained with examples. The pre-requisites that should be satisfied for ensuring the effectiveness of reliability evaluation program are listed. Definition of Reliability EvaluationThe proto-models of electronic equipment are subjected to electrical and environmental tests as per the contractual specification of the equipment. The tests are adequate for verifying or demonstrating compliance to the specifications, but they are not adequate for providing high level of confidence in the reliability of the equipment. An integrated test program is designed for evaluating electrical performance, environmental performance, and the reliability of equipment. Reliability improvement tests are superimposed with the electrical and environmental tests to the extent feasible in the integrated test program. Subjecting the proto-models of equipment to the integrated test program is defined as the reliability evaluation of equipment. The test program complements the overstress analyses on the protomodels. Reliability evaluation should not be misconstrued as Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF) evaluation of equipment.

show abstract

Section: Ramp Ratementioning

confidence: 99%

Reliability Evaluation of Equipment

Natarajan¹

2014

Reliable Design of Electronic Equipment

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…PSEST is typically used as an end-of-line manufacturing screen to precipitate and detect latent defects in order to obviate so-called infant mortality failures. A range of stimuli can be applied during EST [2,7,12] improves, the duration of PSEST may be decreased, eventually yielding to a short test performed on a sampling basis. Conversely, it may be necessary to increase test duration if design or process modifications are implemented.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Piecewise analysis and modeling of circuit pack temperature cycling data

Joyce¹,

Lisay

Dalton

et al. 2006

Bell Labs Tech. J.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Temperature cycling environmental stress testing (EST) • Humidity and pollutants (corrosive gases) • Mechanical, e.g., vibration (sinusoidal or random), shock, or impact • Operational, e.g., variations in rated voltage, current or power Stimuli may be applied individually, consecutively or concurrently. For PSEST, temperature cycling is most commonly employed.EST procedures are time-consuming and energyintensive, however, and there is a clear imperative for test optimization in order to reduce costs. In general, the application of comprehensive and lengthy PSEST is advisable for new products or manufacturing procedures in order to detect and correct design or process flaws. As the maturity of the product or process IntroductionAccelerated environmental stress tests (EST) are commonly applied during the design and manufacture of telecommunications equipment in order to ensure reliability [1,6]. Lucent Technologies conducts design EST (DEST) and production sampling EST (PSEST) procedures for network products. DEST is usually applied during the product development process, with the objective of correcting design flaws, and thereby "ruggedizing" the hardware [7]. PSEST is typically used as an end-of-line manufacturing screen to precipitate and detect latent defects in order to obviate so-called infant mortality failures. A range of stimuli can be applied during EST [2,7,12] improves, the duration of PSEST may be decreased, eventually yielding to a short test performed on a sampling basis. Conversely, it may be necessary to increase test duration if design or process modifications are implemented. In the case of modifications, the equipment manufacturer could be at risk of incurring the increased warranty costs associated with the release of marginal products to customers. Optimization of PSEST for contemporary telecommunications equipment is challenging, primarily because it is common for many mechanisms to cause failure during the tests. A single, dominant mechanism-or, at most, a small number of mechanisms-would facilitate optimization based on the analyses of root causes. For complex systems with multiple failure mechanisms, optimization is usually achieved by the analysis of time-to-failure data. The relationship between time-to-failure and the applied stress is the basis for the optimization of the profile and duration of the stress-for temperature cycling, the profile is described in terms of hot and cold soak temperatures, ramp rates, soak durations, and number of cycles. Furthermore, time-to-failure data from PSEST can be extrapolated in order to estimate the number of escapes-the marginal components not precipitated to failure and detected during PSEST-in order to evaluate the probability of occurrence of early-life failures. Finally, the criterion for the optimization of PSEST is a balance of costs [4,5,23]: on the one hand, the cost of screening, which include test resources, scheduling, and time; and on the other, the costs associated with field repair, warranties and damage to customer satisfaction. Th...

show abstract

Detecting intermittent test failures with the aid of environmental stress screening

Johnson

Rabe

Conference Record AUTOTESTCON '95. 'Systems Readiness: Test Technology for the 21st Century'

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The ESS riddle: physics vs. relics

Cited by 3 publications

References 4 publications

Reliability Evaluation of Equipment

Reliability Evaluation of Equipment

Piecewise analysis and modeling of circuit pack temperature cycling data

Detecting intermittent test failures with the aid of environmental stress screening

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About