The esophageal electrocardiogram in the study of atrial activity and cardiac arrhythmias

Enselberg, Charles D.

doi:10.1016/0002-8703(51)90038-5

Cited by 40 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…There were five such instances in the present series, and possibly more could have been uncovered by using special exploratory leads for auricular activity. 18 Asystoles have been observed in a minority of cases since their occurrence in the dying heart was first pointed out.19 Their presence has not been stressed, and their Other asystoles ended spontaneously, as well as after epinephrine injection. Lines E to L over a 10-minute period, with asystoles between them.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Dying Human Heart

Enselberg¹

1952

AMA Arch Intern Med

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Dying Human Heart

Enselberg¹

1952

AMA Arch Intern Med

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“…Attempts to define the flutter mechanism n man have since been largely directed to napping the time course of arrival of the -xcitation wave described by Lewis to travel .pward in the left atrial wall and downward n the taenia terminalis of the right atrium (Cabrera and Sodi Pallares, 1947;Duchosal and Sulzer, 1949), many studies aimed to achieve greater proximity by means of oesophageal and right intraatrial electrodes (Duchosal and Sulzer, I949;Enselberg, I95I;Giraud, Latour, and Puech, 1955;Grishman et al, 1950;Groedel and inconclusive (Groedel and Miller, I9so;Prinzmetal et al, 1953).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrical conversion of atrial flutter to atrial fibrillation. Flutter mechanism in man.

Guiney¹,

Lown²

1972

Heart

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“…This was true in normal subjects and patients with myo cardial infarction. The esophageal electrocardiogram was employed in the study of atrial activity and cardiac arrhythmias by Enselberg (56) , who stated that probably the commonest application of esophageal electrocardiog raphy will be in the differentiation of the tachycardias, especially in dif- WINSOR ferentiating between atrial tachycardia and atrial flutter. This distinction is based upon the appearance of the P-R intervals which show an ascending base line in atrial flutter and exhibit intrinsicoid deflections in all atrial com plexes.…”

Section: Winsormentioning

confidence: 99%

Diseases of the Cardiovascular System

Winsor¹

1952

Annu. Rev. Med.

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Phonocardiography, a diagnostic procedure introduced by Einthoven "in 1894, was employed by Counihan et al.(1) to determine the cause of the initial vibrations of the first heart sound. These low frequency, low amplitude vibrations are commonly thought to be due to atrial systole. The authors observed that these initial vibrations appeared, however, even though the atria were fibrillating and even though atrial and ventricular sys" tole were widely separated because of heart block. These data suggested that the initial vibrations might be caused by the onset of ventricular contraction through mechanisms unrelated to atrial contrac:tion, the movement of the heart in the chest, or the taking up of slack in the chordae tendineae and atrioventric ular valves before closure. Phonocardiography was also employed by Ravin & Darley (2) for the study of apical diastolic murmurs which occurred in certain patients with patent ductus arteriosus. The murmurs were similar to the mid-diastolic rumble of mitral stenosis, being low-pitched, located at the cardiac apex, and best heard with the patient in the left lateral decubitus position after exercise. The presence of these murmurs was explained by: (a) enlargement of the left ventricle causing a relative narrowing of the mitral orifice, (b) a large volume of blood traversing the mitral valve at a high rate of flow, or (c) a thin chest wall which makes blood turbulence more a udible. Cardiac catheterization has been widely employed during the past year, particularly in the field of acquired heart disease, and techniques have been improved with the development of recording instruments of high fidelity. Ellis, Gauer & Wood (3) supplied a method for recording pressure tracings by means of a miniature intracardiac manometer. Excellent illustra tions of artifact-free pulse waves from within the heart and great vessels of humans and dogs were illustrated. Helmsworth et al. (4) visualized the coronary arteries during life by retrograde catheterization of the carotid and brachial arteries in five patients. Small polyethylene or woven catheters were inserted into the ascending aorta; Diodrast (iodopyracet) or Neo Iopax (sodium iodomethamate) was forcibly injected and serial roentgeno grams were taken. The large and small branches of the coronary arteries were demonstrated among normal subjects, and failure of the coronary vessels to fill after ligation was demonstrated in 10 dogs.

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The esophageal electrocardiogram in the study of atrial activity and cardiac arrhythmias

Cited by 40 publications

References 61 publications

The Dying Human Heart

The Dying Human Heart

Electrical conversion of atrial flutter to atrial fibrillation. Flutter mechanism in man.

Diseases of the Cardiovascular System

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