The Error-Related Negativity, Self-Monitoring, and Consciousness

Dehaene, Stanislas

doi:10.1177/1745691618754502

Cited by 42 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(42 reference statements)

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“…This suggests that while sequence operations performed across domains might build on similar representations (transitional probability, ordinal position and identity), the circuits performing these operations might be modality-specific to some extent, much like the nested tree structures involved in language, music, and mathematics that are each represented in distinct circuits 42 . Our results speak for a more modularized representation of sequences for the encoding of local and simple aspects such as transitional probability represented in sensory areas, but a less modularized representation as complexity increases, as IFG and ATL encoded positional and identity information for both visual and auditory SL, in line with a domain-general role in SL.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Learning hierarchical sequence representations across human cortex and hippocampus

Henin

Turk‐Browne

Friedman

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Sensory input arrives in continuous sequences that humans experience as units, e.g., words and events. The brain’s ability to discover extrinsic regularities is called statistical learning. Structure can be represented at multiple levels, including transitional probabilities, ordinal position, and identity of units. To investigate sequence encoding in cortex and hippocampus, we recorded from intracranial electrodes in human subjects as they were exposed to auditory and visual sequences containing temporal regularities. We find neural tracking of regularities within minutes, with characteristic profiles across brain areas. Early processing tracked lower-level features (e.g., syllables) and learned units (e.g., words); while later processing tracked only learned units. Learning rapidly shaped neural representations, with a gradient of complexity from early brain areas encoding transitional probability, to associative regions and hippocampus encoding ordinal position and identity of units. These findings indicate the existence of multiple, parallel computational systems for sequence learning across hierarchically organized cortico-hippocampal circuits.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Learning hierarchical sequence representations across human cortex and hippocampus

Henin

Turk‐Browne

Friedman

et al. 2019

Preprint

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“…Moreover, recent work suggests that it reflects an internal comparison between two signals: an unconscious representation of the ongoing action and a conscious representation of the intended action (Dehaene, 2018). ERN is followed by Error Positivity 2 (Pe), which occurs about 200-500ms after an error (Falkenstein et al, 1991;Overbeek, Nieuwenhuis, & Ridderinkhof, 2005).…”

Section: N2mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According toDehaene (2018) the ERN reflects an internal comparison between two signals: an unconscious representation of the ongoing action and a conscious representation of the intended one.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards a refined mindfulness model related to consciousness and based on ERP

Verdonk¹,

Trousselard²,

CANINI³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Neuroimaging, behavioral and self-report evidence suggests that there are four main cognitive mechanisms that support mindfulness: 1) self-regulation of attention, 2) improved body awareness, 3) improved emotion regulation, and 4) change in perspective on the self. The current paper discusses these mechanisms, based on studies of Event Related Potential (ERP). We review the ERP literature related to mindfulness and examine a dataset of 29 articles. Our findings show that the neural features of mindfulness are consistently associated with the self-regulation of attention and, in most cases, reduced reactivity to emotional stimuli and improved cognitive control. On the other hand, there appear to be no studies of body awareness. We link these electrophysiological findings to models of consciousness, and introduce a unified, mechanistic mindfulness model. The main idea in this refined model is that mindfulness decreases the threshold of conscious access. We end with several working hypotheses that could direct future mindfulness research, and clarify our results.

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“…ERN, which peaks roughly 80 ms after error commission, is largest at frontal and central electrodes (Holroyd and Coles, 2002). It is hypothesized to reflect a key unconscious error-monitoring process (Dehaene, 2018). A third relevant component is N400: a negative potential typically peaking around 400 ms over centro-parietal electrodes after exposure to unexpected semantic events (Kuperberg, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electroencephalographic evidence for the involvement of mirror neuron and error monitoring related processes in virtual body ownership

Raz

Gurevitch

Vaknin

et al. 2019

Preprint

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The illusion that an artificial or virtual object becomes part of one's body has been demonstrated and productively investigated in the past two decades. Empirical and theoretical accounts of this phenomenon suggest that the body ownership illusion relies not on a single process, but rather on the alignment of the biological and the alternative bodies across multiple aspects. However, the portrayal of these aspects and the demarcation of their neurophysiological correlates has yet to be established.Our study examines electroencephalographic (EEG) markers of two extensively studied systems in the context of virtual body ownership illusion: the mirror neuron system (MNS) and the error monitoring system (EMS). We designed an experimental manipulation of brief involuntary virtual hand bounces, which triggers both systems, and examined how the response of EEG markers of these systems to this manipulation is modulated by three aspects of body ownership: agency, visuotactile synchronicity, and semantic congruence between the participant's hands and its virtual representation.We found evidence for enhanced MNS-related suppression of power at the Mu band in the synchronous and semantic congruence conditions. On the other hand, the EMS-related Pe/P300 wave was reduced by semantic congruence. This Pe/P300 effect was stronger among participants who exhibited higher acceptance of the spatial illusion and increased tendency for affective empathy. Mu power and Pe/P300 were not correlated, suggesting a dissociation between the distinct aspects of body ownership they probe. The findings suggest that synchronicity and semantic congruence induce sensorimotor sensitivity to the alternative body, whereas the latter parameter also buffers minor erroneous virtual motions. These neurophysiological markers may be added to the arsenal of body ownership probes, and integrated in VR rehabilitation protocols.

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The Error-Related Negativity, Self-Monitoring, and Consciousness

Cited by 42 publications

References 25 publications

Learning hierarchical sequence representations across human cortex and hippocampus

Learning hierarchical sequence representations across human cortex and hippocampus

Towards a refined mindfulness model related to consciousness and based on ERP

Electroencephalographic evidence for the involvement of mirror neuron and error monitoring related processes in virtual body ownership

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