The ergonomics of airplane seats: The problem with economy class

Porta, Jordi; Saco-Ledo, Gonzalo; Cabañas, María Dolores

doi:10.1016/j.ergon.2018.10.003

Cited by 18 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Based on BMI data in Slovakia, in 2017, 400,000 men in Slovakia suffered from obesity and 90,000 men suffered from severe obesity [19][20][21][22][23]. Various industrial sectors, such as automation, aviation, furniture manufacturing, footwear, and clothing industries have been affected by the current trend in human dimensions, especially steady weight gain and an increase in human height over the last few years [24][25][26]. In the case of furniture, these trends have been applied in some countries in the world recently, e.g., in the US, the standard BIFMA X6.1 (2012), as a new safety and performance standard for educational seating was accepted by the National Standards Institute (ANSI).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furniture for users with weight from 253 lb (115 kg) up to 400 lb (181 kg), which corresponds with the 99.5th percentile for men in the US, is specified in another accepted standard BIFMA X5.11 (2015) [34]. Similar standards were also accepted in Australia, e.g., the standard AFRDI 142 (2012) focused on four categories of users of "heavy duty" office chairs: 135 kg for a single shift (8 h), 135 kg for multiple shifts, 160 kg for single/multiple shifts Various industrial sectors, such as automation, aviation, furniture manufacturing, footwear, and clothing industries have been affected by the current trend in human dimensions, especially steady weight gain and an increase in human height over the last few years [24][25][26]. In the case of furniture, these trends have been applied in some countries in the world recently, e.g., in the US, the standard BIFMA X6.1 (2012), as a new safety and performance standard for educational seating was accepted by the National Standards Institute (ANSI).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Construction of Wood-Based Lamella for Increased Load on Seating Furniture

Langová

Réh

Igaz

et al. 2019

Forests

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The research on population shows that the count of overweight people has been constantly growing. Therefore, designing and modifying utility items, e.g., furniture should be brought into focus. Indeed, furniture function and safety is associated with the weight of a user. Current processes and standards dealing with the design of seating furniture do not meet the requirements of overweight users. The research is aimed at designing flexible chairs consisting of lamellae using the finite element method (FEM). Three types of glued lamellae based on wood with different number of layers and thickness were made and subsequently, their mechanical properties were tested. Values for modulus of elasticity and modulus of rupture were used to determine stress and deformation applying the FEM method for modelling flexible chairs. In this research, the methodology for evaluating the ultimate state of flexible chairs used to analyse deformation and stability was defined. The analysis confirms that several designed constructions meet the requirements of actual standards (valid for the weight of a user up to 110 kg) but fail to meet the requirements for weight gain of a population.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Construction of Wood-Based Lamella for Increased Load on Seating Furniture

Langová

Réh

Igaz

et al. 2019

Forests

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“…Legroom, as a result of seating row arrangements, is an important factor in passenger comfort (Vink et al, 2012). Minimal legroom is calculated from adding 2.5 cm to the 95 th or 99 th percentile of the buttock-to-knee length of the population (Porta et al, 2019). Providing sufficient legroom enables passengers to stretch legs which result in a changing body posture as a way to prevent discomfort (Vink, 2016).…”

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confidence: 99%

The effect of aircraft seat pitch on comfort

Anjani

Ruiter

et al. 2020

Applied Ergonomics

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“…e analytical method of activities and postures can be applied into seat design and cabin layout in real flight context. Seat pitch, leg room, and seat width should be increased in many economy class airline seats [15]. However, it is not a viable solution to improve passengers' comfort by making the seats larger and increasing the seat pitch cabin and leg space in the economy class because it means less seats and higher costs in the airplane.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Passengers’ Comfort Improvement by Sitting Activity and Posture Analysis in Civil Aircraft Cabin

Liu

Chu

2019

Mathematical Problems in Engineering

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Comfort is becoming an important issue that airlines use to differentiate themselves in a competitive market. Activity and posture, as an integrating external manifestation when passengers interact with the complex cabin system, could be used as an effective way to study passenger comfort. This study aims to analyze the passengers’ comfort perception based on activity and posture analysis performed by passengers on the flight. By recording and reconstructing the activities performed by passengers in a 2-hour simulated flight, the typical activities and the corresponding postures were identified through the video analysis software system MVTA. The passengers remained the greater part of the time performing the activity of sleeping and resting (34.3%), followed by using small electrical devices (32.7%) and reading (16.1%). The main postures in these activities were encoded and displayed in the elliptic structural diagram based on the variations in head, back, arms, and legs. The difficulties and constraints resulted from the seat and cabin were summarized by a questionnaire. Based on the analysis results, the suggestions about seat design, activity guidance, and arrangement were offered from the perspective of supportability, adjustability, affordance, and aesthetics, which would be applied in improving the passengers’ comfort and innovations in cabin and seat.

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The ergonomics of airplane seats: The problem with economy class

Cited by 18 publications

References 16 publications

Construction of Wood-Based Lamella for Increased Load on Seating Furniture

Construction of Wood-Based Lamella for Increased Load on Seating Furniture

The effect of aircraft seat pitch on comfort

The Passengers’ Comfort Improvement by Sitting Activity and Posture Analysis in Civil Aircraft Cabin

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