The Epstein-Barr Virus Glycoprotein BDLF2 Is Essential for Efficient Viral Spread in Stratified Epithelium

Walston, Joshua J.; Hayman, Ian R; Gore, Mindy; Ferguson, Mary; Temple, Rachel M.; Liao, Jason; Alam, Samina; Meyers, Craig; Tugizov, Sharof M.; Hutt-Fletcher, Lindsey; Sample, Clare E.

doi:10.1128/jvi.01528-22

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…This virus contains seven structural proteins, which have fundamental roles for the virus; for example, BFRF3 is associated with the assembly of the viral capsid [166,167]. Several glycoproteins have diverse functions, such as the fusion of the viral envelope on the host cell, viral propagation, and the disruption of the antiviral response [168][169][170][171]. Additionally, this virus presents tegument proteins, whose functions are varied.…”

Section: Epstein-barr Virusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the Neurotrophic Virus Mechanisms and Their Potential Effect on Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Development

Uribe,

González,

Kalergis

et al. 2024

Brain Sciences

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Central nervous system (CNS) pathologies are a public health concern, with viral infections one of their principal causes. These viruses are known as neurotropic pathogens, characterized by their ability to infiltrate the CNS and thus interact with various cell populations, inducing several diseases. The immune response elicited by neurotropic viruses in the CNS is commanded mainly by microglia, which, together with other local cells, can secrete inflammatory cytokines to fight the infection. The most relevant neurotropic viruses are adenovirus (AdV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), enterovirus (EV), Epstein–Barr Virus (EBV), herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), and herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV), and the newly discovered SARS-CoV-2. Several studies have associated a viral infection with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and neuropsychiatric lupus (NPSLE) manifestations. This article will review the knowledge about viral infections, CNS pathologies, and the immune response against them. Also, it allows us to understand the relevance of the different viral proteins in developing neuronal pathologies, SLE and NPSLE.

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Section: Epstein-barr Virusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the Neurotrophic Virus Mechanisms and Their Potential Effect on Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Development

Uribe,

González,

Kalergis

et al. 2024

Brain Sciences

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“…However, no experimental data currently supports a role for any of these viral proteins in transmembrane transport. Instead, EBV BMRF2 can change cellular morphology by modulating the actin cytoskeleton 45 and is essential for efficient cell-cell spread 46 . UL43 colocalizes with proteins involved in membrane fusion and potentially interacts with the gN/gM complex 47 , which is engaged in syncytia formation 48 .…”

Section: Structural Similarity Search Of Human Herpesvirus Protein Mo...mentioning

confidence: 99%

HerpesFolds: A proteome-wide structural systems approach reveals insights into protein families and activities of all nine human herpesviruses

Soh,

Ognibene,

Sanders

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Structure predictions have become invaluable tools for wet lab science by accelerating the generation of structure-based hypotheses. While AlphaFold-predicted structures are available for most proteins, viral proteins are currently absent from the EMBL/DeepMind AlphaFold database. Here, we provide proteome-wide structure predictions for all nine human herpesviruses and analyze them in depth. All predictions were scored using explicit thresholds. By clustering these predictions into groups with structural similarity, we identified new families, such as the HCMV UL112-113 cluster, that contain a unique beta-barrel conserved in all alpha- and betaherpesviruses. An exhaustive domain-level search found protein families consisting of subgroups with varying numbers of duplicated folds. Using large-scale searches, we identified viral proteins with cellular folds and potential functions, such as the HSV-1 and HSV-2 US2 proteins possessing dihydrofolate reductase folds or the EBV BMRF2 cluster of proteins that might have emerged from cellular equilibrative nucleoside transporters. Our HerpesFolds database can be accessed through an easy-to-use web interface atwww.bosse-lab.org/herpesfolds/. It displays 3D models of all protein predictions with their quality scores and structural clusters through an interactive, searchable, open-access web interface.

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“…The authors infected organotypic cultures with wild type viruses and observed focus of infection represented by numerous clusters of infected cells compared with cells infected with lack of BDLF2 viruses, which displayed fewer infected and isolated cells. This suggested a significant role of BDLF2 in intercellular viral spread [ 75 ]. Sciver et al seeded NOKs-Akata cells over-expressing ΔNp63ɑ onto collagen-treated membranes in ALI culture conditions.…”

Section: Ali Cultures For Ebv/hpv Biology and Cancer Initiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conditional Cell Reprogramming and Air–Liquid Interface Modeling Life Cycle of Oncogenic Viruses (HPV and EBV) in Epithelial Cells and Virus-Associated Human Carcinomas

Rani,

Nurmemet,

Liffick

et al. 2023

Viruses

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Several oncogenic viruses are associated with approximately 20% of human cancers. Experimental models are crucial for studying the pathogenicity and biological aspects of oncogenic viruses and their potential mechanisms in tumorigenesis. Current cell models have considerable limitations such as: their low yield, genetic and epigenetic modification, and reduction in tumor heterogeneity during long propagation. Cancer cell lines are limited and not appropriate for studying the viral life cycle, for example, natural viral life cycles of HPV and EBV, and their persistence and latency in epithelial cells are poorly understood, since these processes are highly related to epithelial differentiation. Therefore, there is an urgent need of reliable human physiological cell models to study viral life cycle and cancer initiation. Conditional cell reprogramming (CCR) is a rapid and robust cell culture system, where the cells can be established from minimally invasive or noninvasive specimens and their lineage functions preserved during the long-term culture. These CR cells retain their ability to differentiate at air–liquid interface (ALI). Here, we recapitulated the applications of CR and ALI approaches in modeling host–virus interactions and viral-mediated tumorigenesis.

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The Epstein-Barr Virus Glycoprotein BDLF2 Is Essential for Efficient Viral Spread in Stratified Epithelium

Cited by 5 publications

References 59 publications

Understanding the Neurotrophic Virus Mechanisms and Their Potential Effect on Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Development

Understanding the Neurotrophic Virus Mechanisms and Their Potential Effect on Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Development

HerpesFolds: A proteome-wide structural systems approach reveals insights into protein families and activities of all nine human herpesviruses

Conditional Cell Reprogramming and Air–Liquid Interface Modeling Life Cycle of Oncogenic Viruses (HPV and EBV) in Epithelial Cells and Virus-Associated Human Carcinomas

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