The epithelial response in keratitis sicca and keratitis herpetica (an experimental and clinical study)

Maudgal, P C

doi:10.1007/bf00161670

Cited by 23 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…It may be speculated that the giant polykaryocytes described by Thygeson (1958) andNaib et al (1967) could be parts of such syncytia broken down during the scraping or preparation of the slide. The granular particles seen in the nuclei of some cells resemble the A granules or maturing virus particles described by Love and Wildy (1963) and demonstrated in experimental herpes simplex keratitis in rabbits by so Maudgal (1976). The presence of green fluorescence for DNA in the cytoplasm of some cells may be related to the release of these virus particles into the cytoplasm.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

“…As the scrapings destroy the exact histological detail owing to the crumpling of cells this method does not provide a full histological picture. We have developed an in-vivo corneal replica technique to study the histopathology of superficial keratitis (Maudgal, 1976;Maudgal and Missotten, 1977;Missotten and Maudgal, 1977).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With this technique we have been able to study the replication and maturation stages of the herpes virus and the formation of disseminating inclusion bodies in experimental herpes simplex keratitis in rabbits (Maudgal, 1976). In this paper we report the histopathology of human superficial dendritic lesions studied by the in-vivo corneal replica technique.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Histopathology of human superficial herpes simplex keratitis.

Maudgal¹,

Missotten²

1978

British Journal of Ophthalmology

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SUMMARY Iii-vivo corneal replicas were made in 20 cases of patients with superficial dendritic ulcers of the cornea. Histopathological study of the replicas and superficial epithelial cells showed that the dendrites are composed of rounded epithelial cells and variable sized syncytia containing bizarre shaped nuclei. Pseudopodia-like processes containing DNA and some RNA extend from the syncytia into the surrounding epithelial cells, which on coming into contact with these processes become rounded and liquefied to give rise to another syncytium. The epithelial cells adjacent to the dendrite are elongated and usually orientated parallel to the long axis of the lesion. Surrounding the terminal bulbs, they are disposed in an arcuate fashion. These cells show C-mitotic lesions, intranuclear and cytoplasmic inclusion bodies, and polykaryocyte formation. Microscopic examination of the corneal replicas shows the intranuclear lesions and rounding of cells up to about 2 mm away from the dendritic ulcers. These areas appear normal on clinical examination.The corneal scrapings of herpetic dendritic ulcers have been studied by Thygeson (1958) and Naib et al. (1967). These authors have described the giant polykaryocytes in the scrapings to be characteristic of herpes simplex keratitis. As the scrapings destroy the exact histological detail owing to the crumpling of cells this method does not provide a full histological picture. We have developed an in-vivo corneal replica technique to study the histopathology of superficial keratitis (Maudgal, 1976;Maudgal and Missotten, 1977;Missotten and Maudgal, 1977).With this technique we have been able to study the replication and maturation stages of the herpes virus and the formation of disseminating inclusion bodies in experimental herpes simplex keratitis in rabbits (Maudgal, 1976). In this paper we report the histopathology of human superficial dendritic lesions studied by the in-vivo corneal replica technique. Subjects and methodsIn-vivo collodion corneal replicas were made in 20 patients diagnosed clinically to have superficial herpetic dendritic keratitis in 1 eye. The technique of making a corneal replica in vivo and preparing flat mounts has been described previously (Missotten Address for reprints: Professor L. Missotten, Oogziekten, A.Z. St. Rafael, Kapucijnenvoer 7, 3000 Leuven, Belgium and Maudgal, 1977). The replicas were examined by phase-contrast microscopy. After dissolving the collodion membrane in acetone the flat mounts of superficial epithelial cells were studied by phasecontrast and oblique-illumination microscopy. Later the flat mounts were stained by haematoxylin and eosin, acridine orange, and Love's toluidine blue ammonium molybdate (TBM) method (Pearse, 1968) and studied by light microscopy. ResultsPhase-contrast microscopy of the replicas and the flat mounts of superficial epithelial cells shows that the dendritic ulcers (Fig. 1) are made up of different sized rounded epithelial cells many of which form varying sized syncytia (Figs. 2, 3, 4). The nodular ...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

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Histopathology of human superficial herpes simplex keratitis.

Maudgal¹,

Missotten²

1978

British Journal of Ophthalmology

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“…This contribution was shown to be very little in cats 16 and in dogs 17 whereas it was shown to be significant in rabbits and in mice. 18,19 We found the basal tear secretion of preterm infants on the second day of life to be 44% (4.8 mm) of the total tear secretion. As we performed this test after complete ocular surface anesthesia is achieved, we think that the accessory lacrimal glands contribute to the aqueous tear secretion significantly.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The effect of prematurity on tear production

Akar

Cira

Apaydın

et al. 2004

Current Eye Research

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Preterm infants have significantly reduced tear secretion compared with term infants. Postconceptional age, rather than birth weight, seems to be more correlated with the tear secretion. Sex and laterality does not appear to have an effect on tear production in infants. Tear production of preterm infants is significantly reduced than that of term infants during the first two months of life. Term infants increased their tear production significantly in each examination during the neonatal period while the preterms increase tear production significantly only at mean postconceptional age of eight and a half (8.5) months.

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“…Armitage and Mazur 11 found that granulocyte survival is significantly decreased with increases in solute concentration. 11 Rabbit cells cultured in hyperosmolar states, above 330 mOsmol/L, show significant morphologic changes 12 similar to those seen in subjects with KCS [13][14][15] Hyperosmolarity-induced changes in surface cells in KCS can be correlated with the amount and distribution of Rose Bengal staining. 9,16 The benefits of measuring tear osmolarity in the diagnosis of dry eye disease have been undermined by the difficulties of its measurement.…”

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confidence: 99%

Tear Film Osmolarity: Determination of a Referent for Dry Eye Diagnosis

Tomlinson¹,

Khanal²,

Ramaesh

et al. 2006

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

484

332

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Tear hyperosmolarity, defined by a referent of 316 mOsmol/L, was superior in overall accuracy to any other single test for dry eye diagnosis (Lactoplate, Schirmer test, and Rose Bengal staining), even when the other test measures were applied to a diagnosis within the sample groups from which they were derived. For overall accuracy in the diagnosis of dry eye, the osmolarity test was found to be comparable with the results of combined (in parallel or series) tests.

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The epithelial response in keratitis sicca and keratitis herpetica (an experimental and clinical study)

Cited by 23 publications

References 71 publications

Histopathology of human superficial herpes simplex keratitis.

Histopathology of human superficial herpes simplex keratitis.

The effect of prematurity on tear production

Tear Film Osmolarity: Determination of a Referent for Dry Eye Diagnosis

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