Abstract:The presentation of anxiety in clinical practice is examined, and it is concluded that many patients, perhaps a majority, experience fluctuating levels of anxiety. It is therefore suggested that therapy should be intermittent, according to this waxing and waning of symptoms. Most benzodiazepines are long‐acting, and are therefore unsuitable for this type of therapy, but oxazepam, which is short‐acting and has no active metabolites, is ideal for this purpose. It is proposed that such a regimen would minimize th… Show more
“…Anxiety disorders other than panic as well as anxieties associated with somatic diseases often show a fluctuating course (Imlah, ; McCurdy, ; Rickels and Schweizer, ; Brenes et al ., ; Cukor et al ., ), and it was suggested that patients showing fluctuating levels of anxiety may benefit from intermittent treatment especially with benzodiazepines that have a rapid onset of action (Imlah, ; McCurdy, ; Rickels and Schweizer, , ; Rouillon, ). On the other hand, nearly half of patients with psychiatric disorders (especially those suffering from depression and anxiety) prefer alternative therapies over conventional ones (Astin, ; Ben‐Arye et al ., ; Giordano et al ., ).…”
We investigated the toxicity, psychotropic side effects and anxiolytic potential of an Echinacea angustifolia extract that produced promising effects in laboratory tests performed earlier. Rats were studied in the elevated plus-maze, conditioned fear, open-field, object recognition and conditioned place preference tests. Toxicity was studied in rats after intragastric administration. The preparation decreased anxiety in the elevated plus-maze and ameliorated contextual conditioned fear. No lethality or behavioural signs of discomfort were noticed in rats treated with 1000 and 3000 mg/kg Echinacea angustifolia. The extract was without effect in tests of locomotion (open-field), memory (object recognition) and rewarding potential (conditioned place preference) within a wide dose range. A pharmacological formulation based on the same E. angustifolia extract was tested in human subjects. One or two tablets per day were administered for 1 week to healthy volunteers scoring high on the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). The tablets contained 20 mg of the plant extract. Data were collected using a structured self-assessment diary technique. The high dose (2 tablets per day) decreased STAI scores within 3 days in human subjects, an effect that remained stable for the duration of the treatment (7 days) and for the 2 weeks that followed treatment. The lower dose (1 tablet per day) did not affect anxiety significantly.
“…Anxiety disorders other than panic as well as anxieties associated with somatic diseases often show a fluctuating course (Imlah, ; McCurdy, ; Rickels and Schweizer, ; Brenes et al ., ; Cukor et al ., ), and it was suggested that patients showing fluctuating levels of anxiety may benefit from intermittent treatment especially with benzodiazepines that have a rapid onset of action (Imlah, ; McCurdy, ; Rickels and Schweizer, , ; Rouillon, ). On the other hand, nearly half of patients with psychiatric disorders (especially those suffering from depression and anxiety) prefer alternative therapies over conventional ones (Astin, ; Ben‐Arye et al ., ; Giordano et al ., ).…”
We investigated the toxicity, psychotropic side effects and anxiolytic potential of an Echinacea angustifolia extract that produced promising effects in laboratory tests performed earlier. Rats were studied in the elevated plus-maze, conditioned fear, open-field, object recognition and conditioned place preference tests. Toxicity was studied in rats after intragastric administration. The preparation decreased anxiety in the elevated plus-maze and ameliorated contextual conditioned fear. No lethality or behavioural signs of discomfort were noticed in rats treated with 1000 and 3000 mg/kg Echinacea angustifolia. The extract was without effect in tests of locomotion (open-field), memory (object recognition) and rewarding potential (conditioned place preference) within a wide dose range. A pharmacological formulation based on the same E. angustifolia extract was tested in human subjects. One or two tablets per day were administered for 1 week to healthy volunteers scoring high on the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). The tablets contained 20 mg of the plant extract. Data were collected using a structured self-assessment diary technique. The high dose (2 tablets per day) decreased STAI scores within 3 days in human subjects, an effect that remained stable for the duration of the treatment (7 days) and for the 2 weeks that followed treatment. The lower dose (1 tablet per day) did not affect anxiety significantly.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.